Debtera

Un debtara (ou dabtara^[1], en Guèze \ Tigrinya \ en Amharique : ደብተራ (Däbtära) ; au pluriel, en guèze et en tigrinya : debterat, en amharique : debtaroch ^[2] ) est une figure religieuse itinérante, parmi les Beta Israël^[3] et dans les églises orthodoxes éthiopiennes et érythréennes de Tewahedo^[4]. Il chante des hymnes, danse pour les fidèles, exécute des exorcismes et pratique la magie blanche pour aider la congrégation^[1]^,^[5]^,^[6]. Un debera est censé revendiquer une identité ecclésiastique^[7] et se comporter comme dans les ordres mineurs^[8]. Les debtara peuvent être officiellement ordonnés diacres^[1] ou agir en dehors de la hiérarchie de l'Église^[9]. Ils sont souvent craints par la population locale^[5]^,^[1].

↑ ^{a b c et d} Ethiopian evil eye belief and the magical symbolism of iron working, by Niall Finneran, Folklore 114 (2003):427-433
↑ Wolf Leslau, Comparative Dictionary of Geʻez (Classical Ethiopic): Geʻez-English, English-Geʻez, with an index of the Semitic roots, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1987, (ISBN 9783447025928), p. 122
↑ Isaac Greenfield, "The Debtera and the education among Ethiopian Jewry until the arrival of Dr. Faitlovitch" in Menachem Waldman (ed.), Studies in the History of Ethiopian Jews, Habermann Institute of Literary Research, 2011, p. 109-135 (Hebrew)
↑ Glossary, Eritrean Print and Oral Culture, hosted on Canada Research Chair Humanities Computing Studio.
↑ ^{a et b} Magic and Ritual in the Ancient World, Part 4 edited by Paul Allan Mirecki, Marvin W. Meyer, Published by BRILL, 2002, p.170
↑ Turner, John W. "Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity: Faith and practices". A Country Study: Ethiopia (Thomas P. Ofcansky and LaVerle Berry, eds.) Library of Congress Federal Research Division (1991), public domain
↑ Encyclopedia of African and African-American Religions By Stephen D. Glazier, published by Taylor & Francis, 16 janvier 2001, p. 134
↑ Case Study: Demonization and the Practice of Exorcism in Ethiopian Churches by Amsalu Tadesse Geleta. The Lausanne Movement, Nairobi 2000.
↑ Encyclopedia of African and African-American Religions By Stephen D. Glazier, published by Taylor & Francis, 16 janvier 2001, p. 124

[Finneran-1] {a b c et d} Ethiopian evil eye belief and the magical symbolism of iron working, by Niall Finneran, Folklore 114 (2003):427-433

[2] Wolf Leslau, Comparative Dictionary of Geʻez (Classical Ethiopic): Geʻez-English, English-Geʻez, with an index of the Semitic roots, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1987, (ISBN 9783447025928), p. 122

[Greenfield-3] Isaac Greenfield, "The Debtera and the education among Ethiopian Jewry until the arrival of Dr. Faitlovitch" in Menachem Waldman (ed.), Studies in the History of Ethiopian Jews, Habermann Institute of Literary Research, 2011, p. 109-135 (Hebrew)

[crc-4] Glossary, Eritrean Print and Oral Culture, hosted on Canada Research Chair Humanities Computing Studio.

[Mirecki-5] {a et b} Magic and Ritual in the Ancient World, Part 4 edited by Paul Allan Mirecki, Marvin W. Meyer, Published by BRILL, 2002, p.170

[Turner-6] Turner, John W. "Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity: Faith and practices". A Country Study: Ethiopia (Thomas P. Ofcansky and LaVerle Berry, eds.) Library of Congress Federal Research Division (1991), public domain

[7] Encyclopedia of African and African-American Religions By Stephen D. Glazier, published by Taylor & Francis, 16 janvier 2001, p. 134

[Geleta-8] Case Study: Demonization and the Practice of Exorcism in Ethiopian Churches by Amsalu Tadesse Geleta. The Lausanne Movement, Nairobi 2000.

[Glazier124-9] Encyclopedia of African and African-American Religions By Stephen D. Glazier, published by Taylor & Francis, 16 janvier 2001, p. 124

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