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MPEG-1

Moving Picture Experts Group Phase 1 (MPEG-1)
Filename extension
.mpeg, .mpg, .mpe, .mp1, .mp2, .mp3, .m1v, .m1a, .m2a, .m2v, .mpa, .mpv
Internet media type
audio/mpeg, video/mpeg
Developed byMPEG (part of ISO/IEC JTC 1)
Initial release6 December 1991 (1991-12-06)[1]
Latest release
ISO/IEC TR 11172-5:1998
October 1998 (1998-10)
Type of formataudio, video, container
Extended fromJPEG, H.261
Extended toMPEG-2
StandardISO/IEC 11172
Open format?Yes
Free format?Yes

MPEG-1 is a standard for lossy compression of video and audio. It is designed to compress VHS-quality raw digital video and CD audio down to about 1.5 Mbit/s (26:1 and 6:1 compression ratios respectively)[2] without excessive quality loss, making video CDs, digital cable/satellite TV and digital audio broadcasting (DAB) practical.[3][4]

Today, MPEG-1 has become the most widely compatible lossy audio/video format in the world, and is used in a large number of products and technologies. Perhaps the best-known part of the MPEG-1 standard is the first version of the MP3 audio format it introduced.

The MPEG-1 standard is published as ISO/IEC 11172, titled Information technology—Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1.5 Mbit/s.

The standard consists of the following five Parts:[5][6][7][8][9]

  1. Systems (defining a format for storage and synchronization of video, audio, and other data together in a single file—later dubbed the MPEG program stream to distinguish it from the MPEG transport stream format introduced as an alternative in MPEG-2).
  2. Video (compressed video content)
  3. Audio (compressed audio content), including MP3 and MP2
  4. Conformance testing (testing the correctness of implementations of the standard)
  5. Reference software (example software showing how to encode and decode according to the standard)
  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference 11172-draft-cite was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference mpeg_faqs1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Didier_MPEG was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Chiariglione, Leonardo (October 21, 1989), Kurihama 89 press release, ISO/IEC, archived from the original on August 5, 2010, retrieved 2008-04-09
  5. ^ ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 (2009-10-30). "Programme of Work — Allocated to SC 29/WG 11, MPEG-1 (Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s)". Archived from the original on 2013-12-31. Retrieved 2009-11-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ ISO. "ISO/IEC 11172-1:1993 – Information technology – Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s – Part 1: Systems". Archived from the original on 2016-11-12. Retrieved 2016-11-11.
  7. ^ MPEG. "About MPEG – Achievements". chiariglione.org. Archived from the original on 2008-07-08. Retrieved 2009-10-31.
  8. ^ MPEG. "Terms of Reference". chiariglione.org. Archived from the original on 2010-02-21. Retrieved 2009-10-31.
  9. ^ MPEG. "MPEG standards – Full list of standards developed or under development". chiariglione.org. Archived from the original on 2010-04-20. Retrieved 2009-10-31.

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