Hong Kong

Hong Kong 香港
Special administrative region
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China Chinese: 中華人民共和國香港特別行政區 Cantonese romanisation: Jūng'wàh Yàhnmàhn Guhng'wòhgwok Hēunggóng Dahkbiht Hàhngjingkēui
Flag Emblem
Location of Hong Kong within China
Sovereign state	China
Before transfer	British Hong Kong
Treaty of Nanking	29 August 1842
New Territories lease	9 June 1898
Sino-British Joint Declaration	19 December 1984
Transfer from the United Kingdom	1 July 1997
Administrative centre	Tamar
Largest district by population	Sha Tin
Official languages	Chinese[lower-alpha 1] English[lower-alpha 2]
Regional language	Cantonese[lower-alpha 1]
Official scripts	Traditional Chinese[lower-alpha 2] English alphabet
Ethnic groups (2016)	92.0% Chinese 2.5% Filipino 2.1% Indonesian 0.8% White 2.6% other[6]
Demonym(s)	Hongkonger Hong Kongese
Government	Devolved executive-led system within a socialist republic
Plantilya:Infobox country/multirow
Legislature	Legislative Council
National representation
• National People's Congress	36 deputies
• Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference	203 delegates[7]
Area
• Total	1,108[8] km2 (428 sq mi) (168th)
• Water (%)	3.16 (35 km2; 13.51 sq mi)[8]
Highest elevation (Tai Mo Shan)	957 m (3,140 ft)
Lowest elevation (South China Sea)	0 m (0 ft)
Population
• 2018 estimate	7,482,500[9] (102nd)
• Density	6,777[10]/km2 (17,552.3/sq mi) (4th)
GDP (PPP)	2019 estimate
• Total	$490.880 billion[11] (44th)
• Per capita	$64,928[11] (10th)
GDP (nominal)	2019 estimate
• Total	$372.989 billion[11] (35th)
• Per capita	$49,334[11] (16th)
Gini (2016)	Plantilya:IncreaseNegative 53.9[12] high
HDI (2017)	0.933[13] very high · 7th
Currency	Hong Kong dollar (HK$) (HKD)
Time zone	UTC+08:00 (HKT)
Date format	dd-mm-yyyy yyyy年mm月dd日
Mains electricity	220 V–50 Hz
Driving side	left[lower-alpha 3]
Calling code	+852
ISO 3166 code	HK CN-HK
Internet TLD	.hk .香港
License plate prefixes	粤Z (cross-boundary vehicles only)
Abbreviation	HK / 港

An Hong Kong (Intsik: 香港;) saro sa duwang espesyal na ronang administratibo kan Republikang Popular kan Tsina, an saro pa kaini iyo an Macau. Namumugtak sa kosang habagatan kan Tsina, asin nalilikosan kan Pearl River Delta saka kan Dagat Habagatan nin Tsina, ini bantog sa hararom niyang pantalan asin halawig na skyline. An Hong Kong saro sa pinakadusok sa populasyon sa kinaban asin igwa ining hiwas na 1,104 km2 (426 sq mi), may nageerok igding 7 milyon katawo. ^[15]. Nubenta pursyento kan namamanwaan mga etnikong Intsik, an 5% hale sa ibang grupo.^[16]An Intsik na Han na iyo an mayoriya, kadaklan gikan mansana sa mga siyudad nin Guangzhou asin Taishan, na sakop kan probinsyang Guangdong.^[17]

An Hong Kong nagin sarong kolonya kan Imperyong Briton pakatapos sana kan "Enot na Gerang Apyan" (1839-42). Dati an pagdolonan kaini limitado sana sa Isla nin Hongkong alagad pinalakbang ini sa sunod-sunod na pag'entra kan pwersang Briton sa Kowloon Peninsula, dangan sa inapod na New Territories kan taon 1898. Ini sinakop kan Hapon kan magputok an Ika-2 Gerang Pangkinaban dangan nakabalik sa kontrol kan mga Briton hanggan taon 1997. Kan taon na iyan binutsan na kan mga Briton asin ini nabalik na sa irarom kan soberania kan Popular na Republika kan Tsina. An polisya na pigpasunod igdi kan gobyernong sentral kan Tsina iyo an pagrespeto sa dating sistemang pinapasunod sa Hong Kong asin minimong interbensyon sa pagpalakaw kan gobyerno lokal dawa totoo nagkaigwang reporma pinasunod ini kan taon 2009. Palibhasa an Hong Kong haloy na napa'irarom sa sistemang Briton, an kultura igdi tagob sa impluensyang Solnopan asin an Ingles komun na nahihiling sa mga karatula asin dakul man na Intsik an tataong magtaram kan tataramon na ini huli ngane ta Ingles dati komun na ginagamit sa sistema kan edukasyon.

Sa irarom kan prinsipyong "Sarong nasyon, duwang sistema pulitika", an Hong Kong iba an ipinapasunod na sistema pulitika, asin iba mananggad kan sistema sa Kadagaan Tsina. An inapod na "Basic Law kan Hong Kong", an dokumentong konstitusyonal, na nagboboot na an Hong Kong dapat igwang "halangkaw na gayong autonomiya" sa gabos na bagay maliban sana sa panluwas na relasyones asin sa depensa militar, iyo an namomoon sa sistema pulitiko igdi.^[18] Dawa ngane igwang nagkukusog na multi-partidong sistema, sarong sadit na sirkulo nin elektorado iyo an nagkokontrol kan kabanga kan lehislatura. An Komite Elektorado na binibilog nin 800 katawo iyo an napili kan Pamayo (Chief Executive) kan gobyerno.^[19][20]

1. ↑ Leung 2016.
2. ↑ Official Languages Ordinance.
3. ↑ Population By-Census 2016, pp. 31, 51–52.
4. ↑ Legislative Council Disclaimer and Copyright Notice.
5. ↑ Use of Chinese in Court Proceedings 2011.
6. ↑ Population By-Census 2016, p. 46.
7. ↑ Cheung 2017.
8. ↑ ^{8.0 8.1} "Hong Kong". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2 October 2018.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
9. ↑ Monthly Statistics for June 2019, p. 4.
10. ↑ Population By-Census 2016, p. 34.
11. ↑ ^{11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3} "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 17 October 2019. 
12. ↑ Household Income Distribution 2016, p. 7.
13. ↑ UN Human Development Indices and Indicators 2018, p. 22.
14. ↑ Technical Legislative Amendments on Traffic Arrangements for the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge 2017.
15. ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2008-05-19. Retrieved 2011-07-15. 
16. ↑ "Geography and Climate, Hong Kong" (PDF). Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong Government. Retrieved 10 January 2007. 
17. ↑ "Population by Ethnicity, 2001 and 2006". Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong Government. Archived from the original on 8 December 2007. Retrieved 4 October 2010. 
18. ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2010-07-29. Retrieved 2011-07-15. 
19. ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2014-12-30. Retrieved 2011-07-15. 
20. ↑ ^ Ghai, Yash P. (2000). Autonomy and Ethnicity: Negotiating Competing Claims in Multi-ethnic States. Cambridge University

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