Korejski jezik

Dva imena za korejski, *Hangugeo* i *Chosŏnmal*, napisana uspravno, u Hangeulu

Korejski (한국어 / 조선말) službeni je jezik u Južnoj Koreji i Sjevernoj Koreji, kao i jedan od dva službena jezika u kineskoj Yanbian korejskoj autonomnoj prefekturi. Postoji otprilike 80 miliona ljudi širom svijeta koji govore korejski. Duže od jednog milenija, korejski je pisan prilagođenim kineskim znakovima zvanim hanja, dopunjenim pomoću fonetskih sistema kao što su hyangchal, gugyeol, i idu. U 15. vijeku, nacionalni sistem pisanja zvan Hangeul je opunomoćen od strane Sejonga, ali je proširen tek u 20. vijeku, zato što je yangban aristokratija davala prednost za hanja.

Pojedini historijski lingvisti klasifikuju korejski kao izolovani jezik,^[1] dok ostali smatraju da pripada kontroverznoj porodici altajskih jezika.^[2] Korejski jezik je aglutinativan u svojoj morfologiji i SOG po svojoj sintaksi.

^ Song, Jae Jung (2005) "The Korean language: structure, use and context" Routledge, p. 15
Lyle Campbell & Mauricio Mixco. 2007. A Glossary of Historical Linguistics. University of Utah Press. ("Korean, A language isolate", p. 90; "Korean is often said to belong with the Altaic hypothesis, often also with Japanese, though this is not widely supported", pp. 90–91; "...most specialists...no longer believe that the...Altaic groups...are related", p. 7)
David Dalby. 1999/2000. The Linguasphere Register of the World's Languages and Speech Communities. Linguasphere Press.
Nam-Kil Kim. 1992. "Korean", International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Volume 2, pp. 282–86. ("...scholars have tried to establish genetic relationships between Korean and other languages and major language families, but with little success", p. 282)
András Róna-Tas. 1998. "The Reconstruction of Proto-Turkic and the Genetic Question", The Turkic Languages. Routledge. pp. 67–80. ("[Ramstedt's comparisons of Korean and Altaic] have been heavily criticised in more recent studies, though the idea of a genetic relationship has not been totally abandoned", p. 77.)
Claus Schönig. 2003. "Turko-Mongolic Relations", The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. pp. 403–19. ("...the 'Altaic' languages do not seem to share a common basic vocabulary of the type normally present in cases of genetic relationship", p. 403)
^ Stratification in the peopling of China: how far does the linguistic evidence match genetics and archaeology? In; Sanchez-Mazas, Blench, Ross, Lin & Pejros eds. Human migrations in continental East Asia and Taiwan: genetic, linguistic and archaeological evidence. 2008. Taylor & Francis

[google15-1] Song, Jae Jung (2005) "The Korean language: structure, use and context" Routledge, p. 15
Lyle Campbell & Mauricio Mixco. 2007. A Glossary of Historical Linguistics. University of Utah Press. ("Korean, A language isolate", p. 90; "Korean is often said to belong with the Altaic hypothesis, often also with Japanese, though this is not widely supported", pp. 90–91; "...most specialists...no longer believe that the...Altaic groups...are related", p. 7)
David Dalby. 1999/2000. The Linguasphere Register of the World's Languages and Speech Communities. Linguasphere Press.
Nam-Kil Kim. 1992. "Korean", International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Volume 2, pp. 282–86. ("...scholars have tried to establish genetic relationships between Korean and other languages and major language families, but with little success", p. 282)
András Róna-Tas. 1998. "The Reconstruction of Proto-Turkic and the Genetic Question", The Turkic Languages. Routledge. pp. 67–80. ("[Ramstedt's comparisons of Korean and Altaic] have been heavily criticised in more recent studies, though the idea of a genetic relationship has not been totally abandoned", p. 77.)
Claus Schönig. 2003. "Turko-Mongolic Relations", The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. pp. 403–19. ("...the 'Altaic' languages do not seem to share a common basic vocabulary of the type normally present in cases of genetic relationship", p. 403)

[2] Stratification in the peopling of China: how far does the linguistic evidence match genetics and archaeology? In; Sanchez-Mazas, Blench, Ross, Lin & Pejros eds. Human migrations in continental East Asia and Taiwan: genetic, linguistic and archaeological evidence. 2008. Taylor & Francis

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