Satyagraha

El satyagraha (en sànscrit: सत्याग्रह satyāgraha), traduït lliurement com la "força de l'ànima"^[1] o la "força de la veritat" és una particular filosofia i una pràctica dins de la categoria més àmplia generalment coneguda com a resistència no-violenta o resistència civil. El terme "satyagraha" va ser concebut i desenvolupat per Mohandas Gandhi. Ell va desplegar el satyagraha en el moviment d'independència de l'Índia, i també durant les seves lluites anteriors a Sud-àfrica. La teoria de la satyagraha influencià en la lluita de Nelson Mandela en Sud-àfrica sota l'apartheid, en les campanyes de Martin Luther King durant el moviment afroamericà pels drets civils en els Estats Units, i molts altres moviments similars per la justícia social.^[2] ^[3] Una persona que pràctiques satyagraha és un satyagrahi.^[4]

↑ McKay, John P.; Hill, Bennett D.; Buckler, John; Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Beck, Roger B.; Crowston, Clare Haru; Wiesner-Hanks, Merry E. A History of World Societies: From 1775 to Present . Eighth edition. Volume C – From 1775 to the Present. (2009). Bedford/St. Martin's: Boston/New York. ISBN 978-0-312-68298-9. ISBN 0-312-68298-0. "Meanwhile, Gandhi was searching for a spiritual theory of social action. He studied Hindu and Christian teachings, and gradually developed a weapon for the weak that he called Satyagraha. Gandhi conceived of Satyagraha, loosely translated as "Soul Force," as a means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor. Its tactic is active nonviolent resistance." (McKay 859).
↑ «Gandhi’s satyagraha became a major tool in the Indian struggle against British imperialism and has since been adopted by protest groups in other countries.», 14-09-2010.
↑ «In this respect Satyagraha or non-violent resistance, as conceived by Gandhiji, has an important lesson for pacifists and war-resisters of the West. Western pacifists have so far proved ineffective because they have thought that war can be resisted by mere propaganda, conscientious objection, and organization for settling disputes.», 14-09-2010.
↑ «sa·tya·gra·hi [ sə ty grəhee (plural sa·tya·gra·his). noun. Definition: adherent of satyagraha: a practitioner of nonviolent resistance or satyagraha. [Early 20th century. < Sanskrit satyāgrahī].]», 14-09-2010. Arxivat de l'original el 30 d’agost 2009. [Consulta: 29 d’agost 2011].

[1] McKay, John P.; Hill, Bennett D.; Buckler, John; Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Beck, Roger B.; Crowston, Clare Haru; Wiesner-Hanks, Merry E. A History of World Societies: From 1775 to Present . Eighth edition. Volume C – From 1775 to the Present. (2009). Bedford/St. Martin's: Boston/New York. ISBN 978-0-312-68298-9. ISBN 0-312-68298-0. "Meanwhile, Gandhi was searching for a spiritual theory of social action. He studied Hindu and Christian teachings, and gradually developed a weapon for the weak that he called Satyagraha. Gandhi conceived of Satyagraha, loosely translated as "Soul Force," as a means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor. Its tactic is active nonviolent resistance." (McKay 859).

[2] «Gandhi’s satyagraha became a major tool in the Indian struggle against British imperialism and has since been adopted by protest groups in other countries.», 14-09-2010.

[3] «In this respect Satyagraha or non-violent resistance, as conceived by Gandhiji, has an important lesson for pacifists and war-resisters of the West. Western pacifists have so far proved ineffective because they have thought that war can be resisted by mere propaganda, conscientious objection, and organization for settling disputes.», 14-09-2010.

[4] «sa·tya·gra·hi [ sə ty grəhee (plural sa·tya·gra·his). noun. Definition: adherent of satyagraha: a practitioner of nonviolent resistance or satyagraha. [Early 20th century. < Sanskrit satyāgrahī].]», 14-09-2010. Arxivat de l'original el 30 d’agost 2009. [Consulta: 29 d’agost 2011].

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