.22 Long Rifle

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.22 Long Rifle
.22 Long Rifle cartridges. The one on the right is a "Stinger" with a longer case and lighter bullet.
Type	Rifle
Place of origin	United States
Production history
Designer	J. Stevens Arms & Tool Company
Designed	1887
Produced	1887–present
Specifications
Parent case	.22 Long[1]
Case type	Rimmed, straight[1]
Bullet diameter	.223 in (5.7 mm) - .2255 in (5.73 mm)[1]
Land diameter	.212 in (5.4 mm)
Neck diameter	.226 in (5.7 mm)[1]
Base diameter	.226 in (5.7 mm)[1]
Rim diameter	.278 in (7.1 mm)[1]
Rim thickness	.043 in (1.1 mm)[1]
Case length	.613 in (15.6 mm)[1]
Overall length	1.000 in (25.4 mm)[1]
Rifling twist	1:16"[1]
Primer type	Rimfire[1]
Maximum pressure	24,000 psi (170 MPa)
Ballistic performance
Bullet mass/type Velocity Energy 40 gr (2.6 g) solid[2] 1,200 ft/s (370 m/s) 131 ft⋅lbf (178 J) 38 gr (2.5 g) copper-plated HP[2] 1,260 ft/s (380 m/s) 134 ft⋅lbf (182 J) 32 gr (2.1 g) copper-plated HP[2] 1,430 ft/s (440 m/s) 141 ft⋅lbf (191 J) 31 gr (2.0 g) copper-plated RN[3] 1,750 ft/s (530 m/s) 204 ft⋅lbf (277 J) 30 gr (1.9 g) copper-plated HP[3] 1,640 ft/s (500 m/s) 191 ft⋅lbf (259 J)
Test barrel length: 18.5 in (470 mm) Source(s): [2][3]

The .22 Long Rifle, also known as the .22LR or 5.7×15mmR,^[4][5] is a long-established variety of .22 caliber rimfire ammunition originating from the United States. It is used in a wide range of firearms including rifles, pistols, revolvers, and submachine guns.

In terms of units sold, it is by far the most common ammunition that is manufactured and sold in the world. Common uses include hunting and shooting sports. Ammunition produced in .22 Long Rifle is effective at short ranges, has little recoil, and is inexpensive to purchase. These qualities make it ideal for plinking and marksmanship training.