Back 101955 Bennu Afrikaans بينو 101955 Arabic بينو 101955 ARZ ১০১৯৫৫ বেনু Bengali/Bangla (101955) Bennu Catalan Bennu (planetka) Czech (101955) Bennu Danish (101955) Bennu German 101955 Μπεννού Greek 101955 Bennu Esperanto

101955 Bennu

101955 Bennu
Grey asteroid
Mosaic image of Bennu after two years of observation by OSIRIS-REx
Discovery[1]
Discovered byLINEAR
Discovery siteLincoln Lab's ETS
Discovery date11 September 1999
Designations
(101955) Bennu
Pronunciation/ˈbɛnuː/[2]
Named after
Bennu
1999 RQ36
Apollo · NEO · PHA · risk listed
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 1 January 2011 (JD 2455562.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc21.06 yr (7693 days)
Aphelion1.3559 au (202.84 Gm)
Perihelion0.8969 au (134.17 Gm)
1.1264 au (168.51 Gm)
Eccentricity0.2038
1.1955 yr (436.65 d)
28.0 km/s (63,000 mph)
101.7039°
0° 49m 28.056s / day
Inclination6.0349°
2.0609°
66.2231°
Earth MOID0.0032228 au (482,120 km)
Venus MOID0.194 au (29,000,000 km)[3]
Mars MOID0.168 au (25,100,000 km)[3]
Jupiter MOID3.877 au (580.0 Gm)
TJupiter5.525
Proper orbital elements[4]
0.21145
5.0415°
301.1345 deg / yr
1.19548 yr
(436.649 d)
Physical characteristics[5]
Dimensions565 m × 535 m × 508 m (1854 ft × 1755 ft × 1667 ft)[1]
245.03±0.08 m (804±0.262 ft)
Equatorial radius
282.37±0.06 m (926.4±0.197 ft)
Polar radius
249.25±0.06 m (817.74±0.197 ft)
0.782±0.004 km2 (0.302±0.002 sq mi)
Volume0.0615±0.0001 km3
Mass(7.329±0.009)×1010 kg
Mean density
1.190±0.013 g/cm3
Equatorial surface gravity
6.27 micro-g[6] (61.5 μm/s2)
Equatorial escape velocity
20 cm/s
4.296057±0.000002 h
177.6±0.11°
North pole right ascension
+85.65±0.12°
North pole declination
−60.17±0.09°
0.044±0.002
Surface temp. min mean max
Kelvin[7] 236 259 279
Fahrenheit -34.6 6.8 42.8
Celsius -37 -14 6
B[1][5]
F[8]
20.9

101955 Bennu (provisional designation 1999 RQ36) is a carbonaceous asteroid in the Apollo group discovered by the LINEAR Project on 11 September 1999. It is a potentially hazardous object that is listed on the Sentry Risk Table and has the highest cumulative rating on the Palermo Technical Impact Hazard Scale.[9] It has a cumulative 1-in-1,750 chance of impacting Earth between 2178 and 2290 with the greatest risk being on 24 September 2182.[10][11] It is named after Bennu, the ancient Egyptian mythological bird associated with the Sun, creation, and rebirth.

101955 Bennu has a mean diameter of 490 m (1,610 ft; 0.30 mi) and has been observed extensively by the Arecibo Observatory planetary radar and the Goldstone Deep Space Network.[5][12][13]

Bennu was the target of the OSIRIS-REx mission that returned samples of the asteroid to Earth.[14][15][16] The spacecraft, launched in September 2016, arrived at the asteroid two years later and mapped its surface in detail, seeking potential sample collection sites.[17] Analysis of the orbits allowed calculation of Bennu's mass and its distribution.[18] In October 2020, OSIRIS-REx briefly touched down and collected a sample of the asteroid's surface.[19][20][21] A capsule containing the sample was returned and landed on Earth in September 2023, with distribution and analysis of the sample ongoing.[22][23][24] On 15 May 2024, an overview of preliminary analytical studies on the returned samples was reported.[25]

  1. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference jpldata was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ "Bennu". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference mpc was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference neodys was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b c Lauretta, D.S. (19 March 2019). "The unexpected surface of asteroid (101955) Bennu". Nature. 568 (7750): 55–60. Bibcode:2019Natur.568...55L. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1033-6. PMC 6557581. PMID 30890786.
  6. ^ Barnouin, O.S. (19 March 2019). "Shape of (101955) Bennu indicative of a rubble pile with internal stiffness". Nature Geoscience. 12 (4): 247–252. Bibcode:2019NatGe..12..247B. doi:10.1038/s41561-019-0330-x. PMC 6505705. PMID 31080497.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference PHL was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Cellino2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference risk-table was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference Sentry was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference Farnocchia2021 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference GDSCC-img was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference Hudson et al. 2000 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ Corum, Jonathan (8 September 2016). "NASA Launches the Osiris-Rex Spacecraft to Asteroid Bennu". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  15. ^ Chang, Kenneth (8 September 2016). "The Osiris-Rex Spacecraft Begins Chasing an Asteroid". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  16. ^ Cite error: The named reference NASA-20150331-db was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ^ Cite error: The named reference NYT-20181203 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ Plait, Phil (4 December 2018). "Welcome to Bennu!". SYFY Wire. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  19. ^ Chang, Kenneth (20 October 2020). "Seeking Solar System's Secrets, NASA's OSIRIS-REX Mission Touches Bennu Asteroid". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  20. ^ Hautaluoma, Grey; Johnson, Alana; Jones, Nancy Neal; Morton, Erin (29 October 2020). "Release 20-109 – NASA's OSIRIS-REx Successfully Stows Sample of Asteroid Bennu". NASA. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  21. ^ Chang, Kenneth (29 October 2020). "NASA's Asteroid Mission Packs Away Its Cargo. Next Stop: Earth". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  22. ^ Miller, Katrina (24 September 2023). "A NASA Spacecraft Comes Home With an Asteroid Gift for Earth – The seven-year OSIRIS-REX mission ended on Sunday [9/23/2023] with the return of regolith from the asteroid Bennu, which might hold clues about the origins of our solar system and life. + comment". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  23. ^ Chang, Kenneth (10 May 2021). "Bye-Bye, Bennu: NASA Heads Back to Earth With Asteroid Stash in Tow – The OSIRIS-REX mission will spend two years cruising home with space rock samples that could unlock secrets of the early solar system". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  24. ^ Marcia Dunn, Associated Press (10 May 2021). "NASA spacecraft begins 2-year trip home with asteroid rubble". WJHL. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  25. ^ Cite error: The named reference AST-20240515 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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