Back 2012-verskynsel Afrikaans ظاهرة 2012 Arabic 2012-ci il fenomeni Azerbaijani Феномен 2012 года Byelorussian ২০১২ রহস্য Bengali/Bangla Předpovědi konce světa v roce 2012 Czech 2012-fænomenet Danish Fenomeno de 2012 Esperanto Fenómeno de 2012 Spanish پدیده ۲۰۱۲ Persian
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The 2012 phenomenon was a range of eschatological beliefs that cataclysmic or transformative events would occur on or around 21 December 2012.[1][2][3] This date was regarded as the end-date of a 5,126-year-long cycle in the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar,[4] and festivities took place on 21 December 2012 to commemorate the event in the countries that were part of the Maya civilization (Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador), with main events at Chichén Itzá in Mexico and Tikal in Guatemala.[5][6][7]
Various astronomical alignments and numerological formulae were proposed for this date. A New Age interpretation held that the date marked the start of a period during which Earth and its inhabitants would undergo a positive physical or spiritual transformation, and that 21 December 2012 would mark the beginning of a new era.[8] Others suggested that the date marked the end of the world or a similar catastrophe. Scenarios suggested for the end of the world included the arrival of the next solar maximum, an interaction between Earth and Sagittarius A*, a supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy,[9] the Nibiru cataclysm in which Earth would collide with a mythical planet called Nibiru, or even the heating of Earth's core.
Scholars from various disciplines quickly dismissed predictions of cataclysmic events as they arose. Mayan scholars stated that no classic Mayan accounts forecast impending doom, and the idea that the Long Count calendar ends in 2012 misrepresented Mayan history and culture.[10][11][12] Astronomers rejected the various proposed doomsday scenarios as pseudoscience,[13][14] having been refuted by elementary astronomical observations.[15]
- ^ Defesche, Sacha (17 June 2008). "The 2012 Phenomenon". Skepsis.
- ^ MacDonald, G. Jeffrey (2011). "Does Maya calendar predict 2012 apocalypse?". USA Today.
- ^ Robert K. Sitler (February 2006). "The 2012 Phenomenon: New Age Appropriation of an Ancient Mayan Calendar". Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions. 9 (3): 24–38. doi:10.1525/nr.2006.9.3.024. ISSN 1092-6690. OCLC 357082680.
- ^ "2012 Maya Calendar Mystery and Math, Surviving Yucatan". Yucalandia.com. 16 November 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
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Milbrathwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ David Stuart, The Order of Days: The Maya World and the Truth about 2012, Harmony Books, 2011
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websterwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Brown, Mike (2008). "SI do not ♥ pseudo-science". Retrieved 12 December 2012.
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