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2022 Kazakh presidential election

2022 Kazakh presidential election
← 2019 20 November 2022 (2022-11-20) 2029 →
Turnout69.44 (Decrease 8.10pp)
 
Nominee Kassym-Jomart Tokayev Jiguli Dairabaev
Party Independent Independent
Alliance People's Coalition Auyl
Popular vote 6,456,392 271,641
Percentage 81.31% 3.42%
Results by region
President before election

Kassym-Jomart Tokayev
Independent

Elected President

Kassym-Jomart Tokayev
Independent

Politics of Kazakhstan

Commonwealth of Independent States CIS member state

Presidential elections were held in Kazakhstan on 20 November 2022 to elect the President of Kazakhstan.[1][2] This was the seventh presidential election since Kazakhstan's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.[3] Incumbent president Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, an independent, was re-elected for a second term in a landslide, receiving 81% of the vote.[4] His closest challenger, Jiguli Dairabaev of the Auyl Party, received just 3% of the vote, marking the first time since 2015 that all candidates other than the incumbent president failed to garner 5% or more of the vote.[5] This was the first national election since 1999 in which the "against all" option was included on the ballot paper. It received 6% of the total vote.[6] Voter turnout was 69%, the lowest ever in a Kazakh presidential election.[7]

Originally scheduled for December 2024, President Tokayev called for a snap election in his September 2022 State of the Nation Address, proposing a constitutional amendment to set the presidential term to a single, nonrenewable seven-year term.[8][9] He also announced his intention to run for a second term,[10][11] raising concerns that the amendment, adopted after the election, could allow him to serve beyond the two-term limit, extending his time in office since his first election in 2019. To address these concerns, Tokayev’s proposed amendment was ratified into law before the vote, establishing the seven-year term limit.[12][13] He then set the election date for 21 September by decree.[14][15][16]

A total of 12 candidates were nominated for the election, with six qualifying for the ballot. Among them were Qaraqat Äbden (National Alliance of Professional Social Workers) and Saltanat Tursynbekova (QA–DJ). For the first time, multiple female candidates appeared on the ballot.[17] Tokayev was supported by the People’s Coalition,[18] an electoral alliance of parliamentary parties including Amanat, Aq Jol, and the People’s Party, along with various public associations.[19][20][21] Jiguli Dairabaev was nominated by the Auyl, the only pro-government party to contest the election.[22] Nūrjan Ältaev, a former Amanat deputy and a member of the divided Coalition of Democratic Forces, was barred from running by court order.[4][23] This left Nurlan Auesbaev of the Nationwide Social Democratic Party as the only opposition candidate. Most of the candidates challenging Tokayev were seen as "pocket candidates" due to their relative obscurity and lack of popularity.[24][25]

The elections followed the 2022 unrest and a constitutional referendum. Campaigns focused on issues like COVID-induced inflation, political reforms, democracy, and oligarchy. Other concerns included the use of the Kazakh language and socioeconomic issues related to agriculture, family life, and feminism. Protests questioning the legitimacy of the election were met with government crackdowns and prosecutions.[26][27] Reports prevailed of internet outages, DDoS attacks, and pressure on independent media.[28]

Tokayev was widely expected to win the election, and exit polls showed he received the majority of votes.[29] He was declared the winner early on 21 November 2022, with the Central Election Commission officially certifying his victory on 22 November.[30][31] Tokayev was inaugurated for his second term on 26 November at the Palace of Independence in Astana.[32] Shortly after, he called for a January 2023 Senate election, dissolved the 7th Parliament of Kazakhstan, and set a legislative election for 19 March 2023.[5][7]

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) praised the election’s preparation but noted the lack of competition, emphasizing the need for laws to ensure "genuine pluralism".[33]

  1. ^ Bulatkulova, Saniya (21 September 2022). "Kazakhstan to Hold Presidential Elections on November 20". The Astana Times. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  2. ^ Seilkhanov, Adlet (21 September 2022). "Kazakhstan to hold early presidential election on Nov 20". Kazinform. Archived from the original on 23 September 2022. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
  3. ^ Putz, Catherine (14 September 2022). "Nur-Sultan No More and Kazakh Tinkering With Presidential Terms". thediplomat.com. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  4. ^ a b "Kazakh President Tokayev wins re-election with 81.3% of vote". Reuters. 21 November 2022. Archived from the original on 21 November 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
  5. ^ a b "Kazakh presidential election results: Tokayev wins by getting 81.31% of the vote". Trend.Az. 22 November 2022. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  6. ^ "Preliminary Results Show Toqaev Reelected As Kazakh President In Landslide". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. 21 November 2022. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  7. ^ a b "Kazakh President Tokayev wins re-election with 81.3% of vote". www.aljazeera.com. 21 November 2022. Archived from the original on 2 December 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  8. ^ "Kazakh leader to seek second term in snap election". Reuters. 1 September 2022. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
  9. ^ Bulatkulova, Saniya (1 September 2022). "President Tokayev Announces Early Presidential Elections Scheduled for This Fall". The Astana Times. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
  10. ^ "Kazakhstan's President Toqaev To Seek Second Term In Snap Election". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Archived from the original on 1 September 2022. Retrieved 1 September 2022.
  11. ^ "Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev to seek second term in snap election". Meduza. 1 September 2022. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
  12. ^ "Kazakhstan limits presidential term, renames capital". www.aljazeera.com. 17 September 2022. Archived from the original on 17 September 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
  13. ^ "Kazakhstan Renames Capital, Extends Presidential Term". VOA. 17 September 2022. Archived from the original on 18 September 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
  14. ^ "Kazakh leader Tokayev calls snap presidential election". www.aljazeera.com. 21 September 2022. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  15. ^ "Kazakh leader calls snap presidential election on Nov.20". Reuters. 21 September 2022. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  16. ^ Bayar, Gözde (21 September 2021). "Kazakhstan to hold snap presidential election on Nov. 20". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  17. ^ Haidar, Aida (11 October 2022). "Two Female Candidates Nominated in Kazakhstan's Presidential Elections For First Time". The Astana Times. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  18. ^ "A meeting of the Central Election Commission was held on the results of the nomination of candidates for the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan". www.election.gov.kz. 12 October 2022. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  19. ^ "Kazakhstan: Tokayev to Run for Reelection With Support of 'People's Coalition'". Stratfor. 6 October 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  20. ^ "People's coalition nominated Tokayev for presidency of Kazakhstan". kaztag.kz. 7 October 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  21. ^ Kussainova, Meiramgul (6 October 2022). "Kazakh president named candidate of newly formed coalition for snap election". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 12 October 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  22. ^ Rickleton, Chris; Trotsenko, Petr (17 November 2022). "'Old-Style Election' Casts Doubts On Toqaev's 'New Kazakhstan,' Say Experts". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  23. ^ Bulatkulova, Saniya (18 October 2022). "Astana Court Invalidates Protocol for Nomination of Nurzhan Altayev as Presidential Candidate". The Astana Times. Archived from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
  24. ^ "Five 'Pocket' Candidates Line Up Against Toqaev In Kazakh Presidential Vote". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. 21 October 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  25. ^ Górecki, Wojciech (22 November 2022). "Kazakhstan: elections without an alternative". OSW Centre for Eastern Studies. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  26. ^ "Dozens arrested after protests in Kazakhstan". tvpworld.com. 26 November 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  27. ^ "Kazakhstan Detains Group Planning 'Riots' Ahead Of Vote". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. 17 November 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  28. ^ "Another Independent Kazakh Media Outlet Attacked As Election Looms". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. 14 October 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  29. ^ "Kazakh leader headed for huge election victory, exit polls show". Reuters. 20 November 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  30. ^ "Kazakhstan election: Tokayev wins big, early results say". dw.com. 21 November 2022. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  31. ^ Bulatkulova, Saniya (22 November 2022). "Tokayev Wins 2022 Presidential Election, According to Final Results of Central Election Commission". The Astana Times. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  32. ^ Abbasova, Vusala (28 November 2022). "Kassym-Jomart Tokayev Sworn In as Kazakhstan's President". caspiannews.com. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  33. ^ "Kazakhstan's Early Presidential Election Lacked Competitiveness and, While Efficiently Prepared, Underlined Need for Further Reforms, Observers Say". Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. 21 November 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.

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