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34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate 51[a] seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results of the elections: Democratic hold Democratic gain Republican hold Republican gain Independent hold Rectangular inset (Nebraska): both seats up for election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 2024 United States Senate elections were held on November 5, 2024, as part of the 2024 United States elections. Regularly scheduled elections were held for 33 out of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate, plus one seat in a special election.[4][5] Senators are divided into 3 classes whose 6-year terms are staggered so that a different class is elected every 2 years.[6] Class 1 senators faced election in 2024.[7] Republicans flipped four Democratic-held seats, regaining a Senate majority for the first time since 2021.
There were 26 senators (15 Democrats, 9 Republicans, and 2 independents) seeking re-election in 2024.[8] There were also 2 Republicans (Mike Braun of Indiana and Mitt Romney of Utah), 3 Democrats (Ben Cardin of Maryland, Tom Carper of Delaware, Debbie Stabenow of Michigan), and 2 independents (Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona and Joe Manchin of West Virginia) not seeking re-election.[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Laphonza Butler of California and George Helmy of New Jersey, Democrats who were appointed to their current seats in 2023 and 2024, respectively, were not seeking election in 2024.[16][17]
Concurrent with the 2024 regular Senate elections, 2 special Senate elections took place: one in California, to fill the final two months of Dianne Feinstein's term following her death in September 2023; and one in Nebraska, to fill the remaining two years of Ben Sasse's term following his resignation in January 2023.[18][14][19] Republicans won control of the US Senate with 53 seats, flipping seats in Ohio, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Montana, while all Republican incumbents won re-election. This is the first time since 1980 that Republicans flipped control of either chamber of Congress in a presidential year.
This election had the highest number of senators elected in a state that was simultaneously won by the presidential nominee of the opposite party since 2012: Democrats Tammy Baldwin of Wisconsin, Ruben Gallego of Arizona, Jacky Rosen of Nevada, and Elissa Slotkin of Michigan were elected in states carried by Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump, although the final results were significantly closer in the Republicans' favor than polling suggested.[20][21][22][23] This is also the first time since 2012 that Democrats won a Senate seat (both in open seats and as incumbents) in a state they did not carry in the concurrent presidential election. With Republicans flipping West Virginia, this is the first time since 2014 that Republicans flipped any open Democratic-held seat. Republicans successfully defended all their own seats for the first time since 2014.
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Manchin joins three other members of the Senate who identify as independents: Senators Bernie Sanders (Vermont), Angus King (Maine) and Kyrsten Sinema (Arizona), who caucus with Democrats. A Manchin spokesperson said he will continue to caucus with the Democrats.
Class I terms run from the beginning of the 116th Congress on January 3, 2019, to the end of the 118th Congress on January 3, 2025. Senators in Class I were elected to office in the November 2018 general election, unless they took their seat through appointment or special election.
CardinMD
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was invoked but never defined (see the help page).RomneyUT
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).ManchinWV
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).StabenowMI
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).Sinema
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).Butler
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