Back Alfred North Whitehead Afrikaans ألفريد نورث وايتهيد Arabic الفريد نورث وايتهيد ARZ Alfred North Whitehead AST Vaythed Alfred Nort Azerbaijani Алфрэд Норт Уайтхед Byelorussian Алфред Норт Уайтхед Bulgarian আলফ্রেড নর্থ হোয়াইটহেড Bengali/Bangla Alfred North Whitehead BS Alfred North Whitehead Catalan
Alfred North Whitehead | |
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 Whitehead c. 1924 | |
| Born | 15 February 1861 Ramsgate, Kent, England |
| Died | 30 December 1947 (aged 86) Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Education | Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A., 1884) |
| Era | 20th-century philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
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| Institutions | |
| Academic advisors | Edward Routh[1] |
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Alfred North Whitehead OM FRS FBA (15 February 1861 – 30 December 1947) was an English mathematician and philosopher. He created the philosophical school known as process philosophy,[2] which has been applied in a wide variety of disciplines, including ecology, theology, education, physics, biology, economics, and psychology.
In his early career Whitehead wrote primarily on mathematics, logic, and physics. He wrote the three-volume Principia Mathematica (1910–1913), with his former student Bertrand Russell. Principia Mathematica is considered one of the twentieth century's most important works in mathematical logic, and placed 23rd in a list of the top 100 English-language nonfiction books of the twentieth century by Modern Library.[3]
Beginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of Western philosophy. Whitehead argued that reality consists of processes rather than material objects, and that processes are best defined by their relations with other processes, thus rejecting the theory that reality is fundamentally constructed by bits of matter that exist independently of one another.[4] Whitehead's philosophical works – particularly Process and Reality – are regarded as the foundational texts of process philosophy.
Whitehead's process philosophy argues that "there is urgency in coming to see the world as a web of interrelated processes of which we are integral parts, so that all of our choices and actions have consequences for the world around us."[4] For this reason, one of the most promising applications of Whitehead's thought in the 21st century has been in the area of ecological civilization and environmental ethics pioneered by John B. Cobb.[5][6]
- ^ Alfred North Whitehead at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- ^ Griffin, David Ray (2001). Reenchantment without Supernaturalism: A Process Philosophy of Religion. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, vii.
- ^ "The Modern Library's Top 100 Nonfiction Books of the Century". 30 April 1999. The New York Times. Accessed 21 November 2013.
- ^ a b C. Robert Mesle, Process-Relational Philosophy: An Introduction to Alfred North Whitehead (West Conshohocken: Templeton Foundation Press, 2009), 9.
- ^ Philip Rose, On Whitehead (Belmont: Wadsworth, 2002), preface.
- ^ Cobb, John B. Jr.; Schwartz, Wm. Andrew (2018). Putting Philosophy to Work: Toward an Ecological Civilization. Process Century Press. ISBN 978-1-940447-33-9.