Alpine Fortress

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The Alpine Fortress (German: Alpenfestung) or Alpine Redoubt was the World War II German national redoubt planned by Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler in November and December 1943.^[a] Plans envisaged Germany's government and armed forces retreating to an area from "southern Bavaria across western Austria to northern Italy".^[b] The scheme was never fully endorsed by Hitler, and no serious attempt was made to put it into operation, although the concept served as an effective tool of propaganda and military deception carried out by the Germans in the final stages of the war. After surrendering to the Americans, the Wehrmacht General Kurt Dittmar told them that the redoubt never existed.
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