Back Andreev-Reflexion German Reflexión de Andreev Spanish Andrejevin heijastus Finnish Réflexion d'Andreev French 안드레예프 반사 Korean Андреевское отражение Russian Андреєвське відбиття Ukrainian Andreev aks ettirish Uzbek 安德烈夫反射 Chinese
Andreev reflection (AR), named after the Russian physicist Alexander F. Andreev, is a type of particle scattering which occurs at interfaces between a superconductor (S) and a normal state material (N). It is a charge-transfer process by which normal current in N is converted to supercurrent in S. Each Andreev reflection transfers a charge 2e across the interface, avoiding the forbidden single-particle transmission within the superconducting energy gap.