European Union regulation | |
Text with EEA relevance | |
Title | Artificial Intelligence Act[a] |
---|---|
Made by | European Parliament and Council |
Journal reference | OJ L, 2024/1689, 12.7.2024 |
History | |
European Parliament vote | 13 March 2024 |
Council Vote | 21 May 2024 |
Entry into force | 1 August 2024 |
Preparative texts | |
Commission proposal | 2021/206 |
Other legislation | |
Amends | Regulations (EC) No 300/2008, (EU) No 167/2013, (EU) No 168/2013, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2018/1139 and (EU) 2019/2144 and Directives 2014/90/EU |
Current legislation |
The Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act)[a] is a European Union regulation concerning artificial intelligence (AI). It establishes a common regulatory and legal framework for AI within the European Union (EU).[1] It came into force on 1 August 2024,[2] with provisions coming into operation gradually over the following 6 to 36 months.[3]
It covers all types of AI across a broad range of sectors, with exceptions for AI systems used solely for military, national security, research and non-professional purposes.[4] As a piece of product regulation, it does not confer rights on individuals, but regulates the providers of AI systems and entities using AI in a professional context.[5]
The Act classifies non-exempt AI applications by their risk of causing harm. There are four levels – unacceptable, high, limited, minimal – plus an additional category for general-purpose AI.[6]
For general-purpose AI, transparency requirements are imposed, with reduced requirements for open source models, and additional evaluations for high-capability models.[7][8]
The Act also creates a European Artificial Intelligence Board to promote national cooperation and ensure compliance with the regulation.[9] Like the EU's General Data Protection Regulation, the Act can apply extraterritorially to providers from outside the EU if they have users within the EU.[5]
Proposed by the European Commission on 21 April 2021,[10] it passed the European Parliament on 13 March 2024,[11] and was unanimously approved by the EU Council on 21 May 2024.[12] The draft Act was revised to address the rise in popularity of generative artificial intelligence systems, such as ChatGPT, whose general-purpose capabilities did not fit the main framework.[13]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha>
tags or {{efn}}
templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
template or {{notelist}}
template (see the help page).