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Avaris

Not to be confused with Avarice.
Avaris
Map of ancient Lower Egypt showing Avaris
Avaris is located in Egypt
Avaris
Shown within Egypt
LocationSharqia Governorate, Egypt
RegionLower Egypt
Coordinates30°47′14.7″N 31°49′16.9″E / 30.787417°N 31.821361°E / 30.787417; 31.821361
TypeSettlement
An official wearing the "mushroom-headed" hairstyle also seen in contemporary paintings of Western Asiatic foreigners, from Avaris, the capital of the Hyksos. Dated to 1802–1640 BC. Staatliche Sammlung für Ägyptische Kunst.[1][2][3][4]

Avaris (Egyptian: ḥw.t wꜥr.t, sometimes hut-waret; Ancient Greek: Αὔαρις, romanized: Auaris; Greek: Άβαρις, romanized: Avaris; Egyptian Arabic: اڤاريس, romanized: Avaris)[5] was the Hyksos capital of Egypt located at the modern site of Tell el-Dab'a in the northeastern region of the Nile Delta.[6] As the main course of the Nile migrated eastward, its position at the hub of Egypt's delta emporia made it a major capital suitable for trade.[7] It was occupied from about the 18th century BC until its capture by Ahmose I.

  1. ^ Candelora, Danielle. "The Hyksos". www.arce.org. American Research Center in Egypt.
  2. ^ Roy, Jane (2011). The Politics of Trade: Egypt and Lower Nubia in the 4th Millennium BC. BRILL. pp. 291–292. ISBN 978-90-04-19610-0.
  3. ^ "A head from a statue of an official dating to the 12th or 13th Dynasty (1802–1640 B.C.) sports the mushroom-shaped hairstyle commonly worn by non-Egyptian immigrants from western Asia such as the Hyksos." in "The Rulers of Foreign Lands - Archaeology Magazine". www.archaeology.org.
  4. ^ Potts, Daniel T. (2012). A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East. John Wiley & Sons. p. 841. ISBN 978-1-4443-6077-6.
  5. ^ Holladay, John S. Jr. (1997) "The Eastern Nile Delta During the Hyksos and Pre-Hyksos Periods: Toward a Systemic/Socioeconomic Understanding", in Eliezer D. Oren (1997). The Hyksos: new historical and archaeological perspectives. University Museum, University of Pennsylvania. pp. 183–252. ISBN 978-0-924171-46-8.
  6. ^ Baines and Malek "Atlas of Ancient Egypt" p 15 nome list and map, p 167 enlarged map of the delta.
  7. ^ Michael Grant (2005). The rise of the Greeks. Barnes & Noble Books. ISBN 978-0-7607-7000-9.

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