BSD City, formerly referred to Bumi Serpong Damai is a planned community located within Greater Jakarta in Indonesia.[3][4] The project was initiated in 1984 by a group of private developers and started in 1989.[5][6] The town is currently managed by the holding company PT Bumi Serpong Damai Tbk, which is owned by Sinar Mas Land, a subsidiary of the Sinar Mas Group, a large industrial conglomerate in Indonesia.[7] BSD City encompasses a total area of approximately 6,000 hectares, hosting a range of residential houses, apartments, malls, offices, and more.[8] Most of the residential areas are designed to be suitable for Indonesia's upper-middle class,[9] in gated neighbourhoods, each with different themes.[10][11] The city is now a self-sustaining community, with businesses, schools, shopping malls, hospitals and hotels.[12][13][14][15]
^Robert Cowherd (2002). Nas, Peter J.M. (ed.). The Indonesian Town Revisited. Muenster. pp. 17–40.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Santoso, Suryadi (April 1992). "The Bumi Serpong Damai New Town". Trialog (32): 35–40.
^Firman, Tomy (2004). "New Town Development in Jakarta Metropolitan Region". Habitat International. 28 (3): 349–368. doi:10.1016/S0197-3975(03)00037-7.