Battle of Williamsburg

Battle of Williamsburg (Battle of Fort Magruder)
Part of the American Civil War
General Hooker's division engaging the rebels, Harper's Weekly
Date May 5, 1862 (1862-05-05) Location York County, James City County, and Williamsburg, Virginia 37°15′51″N 76°39′57″W / 37.2642°N 76.6659°W / 37.2642; -76.6659 Result Inconclusive Confederate withdrawal to Richmond[1]
Belligerents
United States (Union)	Confederate States (Confederacy)
Commanders and leaders
George B. McClellan	Joseph E. Johnston James Longstreet
Units involved
Army of the Potomac	Army of Northern Virginia
Strength
40,768[1]	13,750 engaged (8,750 in reserve)
Casualties and losses
2,283[1] More than 450 killed, 1,410 wounded	1,682[2]

The Battle of Williamsburg, also known as the Battle of Fort Magruder, took place on May 5, 1862, in York County, James City County, and Williamsburg, Virginia, as part of the Peninsula Campaign of the American Civil War. It was the first pitched battle of the Peninsula Campaign, in which nearly 41,000 Federals and 32,000 Confederates were engaged, fighting an inconclusive battle that ended with the Confederates continuing their withdrawal.

Following up the Confederate retreat from Yorktown, the Union division of Brig. Gen. Joseph Hooker encountered the Confederate rearguard near Williamsburg. Hooker assaulted Fort Magruder, an earthen fortification alongside the Williamsburg Road, but was repulsed. Confederate counterattacks, directed by Maj. Gen. James Longstreet, threatened to overwhelm the Union left flank, until Brig. Gen. Philip Kearny's division arrived to stabilize the Federal position. Brig. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock's brigade then moved to threaten the Confederate left flank, occupying two abandoned redoubts. The Confederates counterattacked unsuccessfully. Hancock's localized success was not exploited. The Confederate army continued its withdrawal during the night in the direction of Richmond, Virginia.^[1]