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Ben Bernanke | |
|---|---|
 Bernanke in 2008 | |
| 14th Chairman of the Federal Reserve | |
| In office February 1, 2006 – January 31, 2014 | |
| President | George W. Bush Barack Obama |
| Deputy | Roger Ferguson Donald Kohn Janet Yellen |
| Preceded by | Alan Greenspan |
| Succeeded by | Janet Yellen |
| Member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors | |
| In office February 1, 2006 – January 31, 2014 | |
| President | George W. Bush Barack Obama |
| Preceded by | Alan Greenspan |
| Succeeded by | Stanley Fischer |
| In office July 31, 2002 – June 21, 2005 | |
| President | George W. Bush |
| Preceded by | Edward W. Kelley Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Kevin Warsh |
| 23rd Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers | |
| In office June 21, 2005 – January 31, 2006 | |
| President | George W. Bush |
| Preceded by | Harvey Rosen |
| Succeeded by | Edward Lazear |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Ben Shalom Bernanke December 13, 1953 Augusta, Georgia, U.S. |
| Political party | Independent (2015 or earlier–present) |
| Other political affiliations | Republican (before 2015 or earlier) |
| Spouse | Anna Friedmann |
| Children | 2 |
| Education | Harvard University (BA, MA) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (PhD) |
| Awards | Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (2022) |
| Signature |  |
| Academic background | |
| Thesis | Long Term Commitments, Dynamic Optimization, and the Business Cycle (1979) |
| Doctoral advisor | Stanley Fischer[1] |
| Academic work | |
| Discipline | Macroeconomics |
Ben Shalom Bernanke[2] (/bərˈnæŋki/ bər-NANG-kee; born December 13, 1953) is an American economist who served as the 14th chairman of the Federal Reserve from 2006 to 2014. After leaving the Federal Reserve, he was appointed a distinguished fellow at the Brookings Institution.[3][4] During his tenure as chairman, Bernanke oversaw the Federal Reserve's response to the 2007–2008 financial crisis, for which he was named the 2009 Time Person of the Year.[4] Before becoming Federal Reserve chairman, Bernanke was a tenured professor at Princeton University and chaired the Department of Economics there from 1996 to September 2002, when he went on public service leave.[4] Bernanke was awarded the 2022 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, jointly with Douglas Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig, "for research on banks and financial crises",[5][6] more specifically for his analysis of the Great Depression.
From August 5, 2002, until June 21, 2005, he was a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, proposed the Bernanke doctrine, and first discussed "the Great Moderation"—the theory that traditional business cycles have declined in volatility in recent decades through structural changes that have occurred in the international economy, particularly increases in the economic stability of developing nations, diminishing the influence of macroeconomic (monetary and fiscal) policy.
Bernanke then served as chairman of President George W. Bush's Council of Economic Advisers before President Bush nominated him to succeed Alan Greenspan as chairman of the United States Federal Reserve.[7] His first term began on February 1, 2006.[8] Bernanke was confirmed for a second term as chairman on January 28, 2010, after being renominated by President Barack Obama, who later referred to him as "the epitome of calm."[9] His second term ended on January 31, 2014, when he was succeeded by Janet Yellen on February 3, 2014.[10]
Bernanke wrote about his time as chairman of the Federal Reserve in his 2015 book, The Courage to Act, in which he revealed that the world's economy came close to collapse in 2007 and 2008. Bernanke asserts that it was only the novel efforts of the Fed (cooperating with other US agencies and agencies of other governments) that prevented an economic catastrophe greater than the Great Depression.[11]
- ^ Bernanke, Ben Shalom (1979). Long-term commitments, dynamic optimization, and the business cycle (PDF) (Ph.D.). MIT. Retrieved October 23, 2016.
- ^ Bernanke's first name is Ben, not Benjamin, and "Ben Shalom" is not abbreviated. (See: "Big Ben", Slate, October 24, 2005; see also "Presidential Nomination: Ben Shalom Bernanke", George W. Bush White House, January 2009)
- ^ "Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke to Join Economic Studies at Brookings". Brookings. February 3, 2014. Retrieved February 3, 2014.
- ^ a b c Amadeo, Kimberly. "The Great Depression Expert Who Prevented the Second Great Depression". The Balance. Retrieved July 29, 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
nobelprize.orgwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Former Fed Chair Bernanke shares Nobel for research on banks". AP NEWS. October 10, 2022. Retrieved October 10, 2022.
- ^ Andrews, Edmund L. (October 24, 2005). "Bush Nominates Bernanke to Succeed Greenspan as Fed Chief". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 29, 2020.
- ^ "Ben S. Bernanke formally sworn in to second term as chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System". Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Retrieved July 29, 2020.
- ^ "Obama nominates Janet Yellen to succeed Bernanke at Federal Reserve". Mort Zuckerman. Associated Press. October 9, 2013.
- ^ "Yellen sworn in as Fed chair in brief ceremony". The Associated Press. February 3, 2014. Retrieved July 29, 2020.
- ^ Kinsley, Michael (October 8, 2013). "Ben Bernanke's 'The Courage to Act'". The New York Times.