Bioorganometallic chemistry

Bioorganometallic chemistry is the study of biologically active molecules that contain carbon directly bonded to metals or metalloids. The importance of main-group and transition-metal centers has long been recognized as important to the function of enzymes and other biomolecules. However, only a small subset of naturally-occurring metal complexes and synthetically prepared pharmaceuticals are organometallic; that is, they feature a direct covalent bond between the metal(loid) and a carbon atom. The first, and for a long time, the only examples of naturally occurring bioorganometallic compounds were the cobalamin cofactors (vitamin B₁₂) in its various forms.^[1] In the 21st century, as a result of the discovery of new systems containing carbon–metal bonds in biology, bioorganometallic chemistry is rapidly emerging as a distinct subdiscipline of bioinorganic chemistry that straddles organometallic chemistry and biochemistry. Naturally occurring bioorganometallics include enzymes and sensor proteins. Also within this realm are synthetically prepared organometallic compounds that serve as new drugs and imaging agents (technetium-99m sestamibi) as well as the principles relevant to the toxicology of organometallic compounds (e.g., methylmercury).^[2]^[3] Consequently, bioorganometallic chemistry is increasingly relevant to medicine and pharmacology.^[4]

^ Hodgkin DG, Pickworth J, Robertson JH, Trueblood KN, Prosen RJ, White JG (August 1955). "The crystal structure of the hexacarboxylic acid derived from B12 and the molecular structure of the vitamin". Nature. 176 (4477): 325–328. Bibcode:1955Natur.176..325H. doi:10.1038/176325a0. PMID 13253565. S2CID 4220926.
^ Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel RK, eds. (2009). Metal-carbon bonds in enzymes and cofactors. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. Vol. 6. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-1-84755-915-9.
^ Linck RC, Rauchfuss TB (2005). "Synthetic Models for Bioorganometallic Reaction Centers". In Jaouen G (ed.). Bioorganometallics: Biomolecules, Labeling, Medicine. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. pp. 403–435. doi:10.1002/3527607692.ch12. ISBN 978-3-527-30990-0.
^ Jaouen G (2006). Bioorganometallics : biomolecules, labeling, medicine. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. ISBN 3527607692. OCLC 85821090.

[1] Hodgkin DG, Pickworth J, Robertson JH, Trueblood KN, Prosen RJ, White JG (August 1955). "The crystal structure of the hexacarboxylic acid derived from B12 and the molecular structure of the vitamin". Nature. 176 (4477): 325–328. Bibcode:1955Natur.176..325H. doi:10.1038/176325a0. PMID 13253565. S2CID 4220926.

[2] Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel RK, eds. (2009). Metal-carbon bonds in enzymes and cofactors. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. Vol. 6. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-1-84755-915-9.

[3] Linck RC, Rauchfuss TB (2005). "Synthetic Models for Bioorganometallic Reaction Centers". In Jaouen G (ed.). Bioorganometallics: Biomolecules, Labeling, Medicine. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. pp. 403–435. doi:10.1002/3527607692.ch12. ISBN 978-3-527-30990-0.

[4] Jaouen G (2006). Bioorganometallics : biomolecules, labeling, medicine. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. ISBN 3527607692. OCLC 85821090.

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