Back قوة سوداء Arabic Black Power Catalan Black Power German Μαύρη Δύναμη Greek Poder negro Spanish Black Power Basque قدرت سیاه Persian Black Power Finnish Black Power French בלאק פאוור HE
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Black power is a political slogan and a name which is given to various associated ideologies which aim to achieve self-determination for black people.[1][2] It is primarily, but not exclusively, used by black activists and other proponents of what the slogan entails in the United States.[3] The black power movement was prominent in the late 1960s and early 1970s, emphasizing racial pride and the creation of black political and cultural institutions to nurture, promote and advance what was seen by proponents of the movement as being the collective interests and values of black Americans.[4]
The basis of black power is various ideologies that aim at achieving self-determination for black people in the U.S., dictating that black Americans create their own identities despite being subjected to pre-existing societal factors.[5] "Black power" in its original political sense expresses a range of political goals, from militant self-defense against racial oppression to the establishment of social institutions and a self-sufficient economy, including black-owned bookstores, cooperatives, farms, and media.[6][7][8][9] However, the movement has been criticized for alienating itself from the mainstream civil rights movement, and its support of black separatism.[10][11]
- ^ Stanford University (26 April 2017). "The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute". Kinginstitute. Stanford University. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
- ^ Scott, James. Wilson. (1976). The Black Revolts: Racial Stratification in the U.S.A.: The Politics of Estate, Caste, and Class in the American Society. Cambridge, Mass: Schenkman Pub.
- ^ Ogbar, J. O. G. (2005). Black Power: Radical Politics and African American Identity. Reconfiguring American Political History. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, p. 2.
- ^ Appiah, Anthony and Henry Louis Gates Jr. (1999). Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience. New York: Basic Civitas Books, p. 262. ISBN 9780195170559
- ^ "Veterans of the Civil Rights Movement – The Basis of Black Power". www.crmvet.org. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
- ^ Davis, Joshua Clark (28 January 2017). "Black-Owned Bookstores: Anchors of the Black Power Movement – AAIHS". www.aaihs.org. Retrieved 2017-03-11.
- ^ Konadu, Kwasi (2009). A View from the East: Black Cultural Nationalism and Education in New York City. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-5101-7.
- ^ Klehr, Harvey (1988-01-01). Far Left of Center: The American Radical Left Today. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4128-2343-2.
- ^ "Black Power TV | Duke University Press". www.dukeupress.edu. Retrieved 2017-03-11.
- ^ Ogbar, Jeffrey O.G. (2005). Black Power: Radical Politics and African American Identity. pp. 64.
- ^ Hall, Simon (2020). "The NAACP, Black Power, and the African American Freedom Struggle, 1966–1969". The Historian. 69 (1): 49–82. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6563.2007.00174.x. S2CID 143800915.