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Boiling water reactor

Schematic diagram of a boiling water reactor (BWR):
  1. Reactor pressure vessel
  2. Nuclear fuel element
  3. Control rods
  4. Recirculation pumps
  5. Control rod drives
  6. Steam
  7. Feedwater
  8. High-pressure turbine
  9. Low-pressure turbine
  10. Generator
  11. Exciter
  12. Condenser
  13. Coolant
  14. Pre-heater
  15. Feedwater pump
  16. Cold-water pump
  17. Concrete enclosure
  18. Connection to electricity grid

A boiling water reactor (BWR) is a type of light water nuclear reactor used for the generation of electrical power. It is the second most common type of electricity-generating nuclear reactor after the pressurized water reactor (PWR), which is also a type of light water nuclear reactor.

The main difference between a BWR and PWR is that in a BWR, the reactor core heats water, which turns to steam and then drives a steam turbine. In a PWR, the reactor core heats water, which does not boil. This hot water then exchanges heat with a lower pressure system, which turns water into steam that drives the turbine.

The BWR was developed by the Argonne National Laboratory and General Electric (GE) in the mid-1950s. The main present manufacturer is GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy, which specializes in the design and construction of this type of reactor.

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