Back كندا (فرنسا الجديدة) Arabic Канада (Нова Франция) Bulgarian Kanada (Nová Francie) Czech Καναδάς (Νέα Γαλλία) Greek Canadá (Nueva Francia) Spanish کانادا (فرانسه نو) Persian Canada (Nouvelle-France) French קנדה (צרפת החדשה) HE Kanada (Prancis Baru) ID Canada (Nuova Francia) Italian
Canada | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1535–1763 | |||||||||
&sq=engine&lang=en&file=File:Royal_flag_of_France.svg) The royal banner of early modern France or "Bourbon Flag" was the most commonly used flag in New France[1][2][3]
&sq=engine&lang=en&file=File:Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg) | |||||||||
&sq=engine&lang=en&file=File:Canada_(New_France)_Location_Map.svg) Map of Canada after 1713. At its fullest extent, Canada extended from south of the Great Lakes to the Gulf of St Lawrence. | |||||||||
| Status | Colony of France within New France (1535–1760) Under British military occupation (1760–1763) | ||||||||
| Capital | Quebec | ||||||||
| Official languages | French | ||||||||
| Religion | Catholic Church (state religion)[4] | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| King | |||||||||
• 1535–1547 | Francis I (first) | ||||||||
• 1715–1763 | Louis XV (last) | ||||||||
| Viceroy/Governor General | |||||||||
• 1541–1543 | Jean-François Roberval (first) | ||||||||
• 1755–1763 | Pierre de Rigaud (last) | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• French territorial possession | 1535 | ||||||||
• Founding of Quebec | 1608 | ||||||||
• Founding of Trois-Rivières | 1634 | ||||||||
• Founding of Montreal | 1642 | ||||||||
| 10 February 1763 | |||||||||
| 7 October 1763 | |||||||||
| Currency | New France livre | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | CA | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Canada United States | ||||||||
Canada was a French colony within the larger territory of New France. It was claimed by France in 1535 during the second voyage of Jacques Cartier, in the name of the French king, Francis I. The colony remained a French territory until 1763, when it became a British colony known as the Province of Quebec.[5][6][7][8]
In the 16th century the word "Canada" could refer to the territory along the Saint Lawrence River[9] (then known as the Canada River) from Grosse Isle to a point between Québec and Trois-Rivières.[10] The terms "Canada" and "New France" were also used interchangeably.[11] French explorations continued west "unto the Countreys of Canada, Hochelaga, and Saguenay"[12] before any permanent settlements were established. In 1600 a permanent trading post and habitation was established at Tadoussac at the confluence of the Saguenay and Saint Lawrence rivers. However, because this trading post was under a trade monopoly, it was not constituted as an official French colonial settlement.
The first official settlement of Canada was Québec, founded by Samuel de Champlain in 1608.[13][14] The other four colonies within New France were Hudson's Bay to the north, Acadia and Newfoundland to the east, and Louisiana far to the south.[15][16] Canada became the most developed of the five colonies of New France. It was divided[when?] into three districts, Québec, Trois-Rivières, and Montreal, each with its own government.[citation needed] The governor of the District of Quebec also served as the governor-general for all of New France.[16][failed verification]
The Seven Years' War of 1756–1763 saw Great Britain defeat the French and their allies, and take possession of Canada. In the Treaty of Paris of 1763, which formally ended the Seven Years' War, France ceded Canada in exchange for other colonies, with a large portion of Canada becoming the British colony of the Province of Quebec.[17]
- ^ New York State Historical Association (1915). Proceedings of the New York State Historical Association with the Quarterly Journal: 2nd-21st Annual Meeting with a List of New Members. The Association.
It is most probable that the Bourbon Flag was used during the greater part of the occupancy of the French in the region extending southwest from the St. Lawrence to the Mississippi, known as New France... The French flag was probably blue at that time with three golden fleur-de-lis ....
- ^ "Fleur-de-lys | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca.
- ^ "INQUINTE.CA | CANADA 150 Years of History ~ The story behind the flag". inquinte.ca.
- ^ M. Gough, Barry (2021). Historical Dictionary of Canada. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 471. ISBN 9781538120347.
- ^ Lamb, W. Kaye (19 March 2018). "Canada". The Canadian Encyclopedia (online ed.). Historica Canada.
- ^ Conrick, Maeve; Regan, Vera (2007). French in Canada: Language Issues. Peter Lang. p. 11. ISBN 978-3-03910-142-9.
- ^ Rayburn, Alan (2001). Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names. University of Toronto Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-8020-8293-0.
- ^ Parkman, Francis (1996). Pioneers of France in the New World. University of Nebraska Press. p. 202. ISBN 0-8032-8744-5.
- ^ Boswell, Randy (22 April 2013). "Putting Canada on the map". National Post.
- ^ Cartier, Jacques (1993). Cook, Ramsay (ed.). Voyages of Jacques Cartier. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 43.
- ^ Warkentin, Germaine; Podruchny, Carolyn (2001). Decentring the Renaissance: Canada and Europe in Multidisciplinary Perspective, 1500-1700. University of Toronto Press. p. 234. ISBN 978-0-8020-8149-0.
- ^ Cartier, Jacques (1993). Cook, Ramsay (ed.). Voyages of Jacques. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 96.
- ^ New, William H. (2002). Encyclopedia of Literature in Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 190. ISBN 978-0-8020-0761-2.
- ^ Kelley, Ninette; Trebilcock, Michael J. (2010). The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy. University of Toronto Press. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-0-8020-9536-7.
- ^ "Canada at the Time of New France". Site for Language Management in Canada. University of Ottawa. 2004. Archived from the original on 2017-03-25. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
- ^ a b "Le territoire". La Nouvelle-France. Resources françaises. Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (France). 1998. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 2 August 2008.
La Nouvelle-France désignait l'ensemble des territoires de l'Amérique du Nord sous administration française, avant 1763. Dans sa plus grande dimension, avant le Traité d'Utrecht (1713), la Nouvelle-France comprenait cinq colonies possédant, chacune, une administration propre : le Canada, l'Acadie, la Baie d'Hudson, Terre-Neuve, la Louisiane.
- ^ "His Most Christian Majesty cedes and guaranties to his said Britannick Majesty, in full right, Canada, with all its dependencies, as well as the island of Cape Breton, and all the other islands and coasts in the gulph and river of St. Lawrence, and in general, every thing that depends on the said countries, lands, islands, and coasts..." – via Wikisource.