Carbon tissue is a gelatin-based emulsion used as a photoresist in the chemical etching (photoengraving) of gravure cylinders[1] for printing. This was introduced by British physicist and chemist Joseph Swan[2][3] in 1864.[4] It has been used in photographic reproduction since the early days of photography.[5]
Carbon materials marketing began in 1866 by Joseph Swan which he subsequently sold to the Autotype Company in 1868.[6] His ready-made tissues were in three colours black, sepia and purple-brown.[1][3] This method was used in Europe and USA throughout the 19th century and well into the 20th.[1] This market was almost closed in the 1950s although some companies produce small amount of carbon tissue and transfer papers for monochrome and three-color work until around 1990[1][3]
- ^ a b c d "The Carbon Transfer Process". Archived from the original on 2013-09-18.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Peres, Michael R. (29 May 2013). The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781136106132. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ a b c "Carbon Transfer: Contemporary Printers". sandykingphotography.com. Archived from the original on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ "DEFINITIONS OF PRINT PROCESSES". www.photoeye.com. Archived from the original on 23 March 2006. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
- ^ "Gravure Engraving". Paul D. Fleming III, Paper Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Imaging. www.wmich.edu. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ James, Christopher (2015). The Book of Alternative Photographic Processes. Cengage Learning. pp. 583–584. ISBN 978-1-305-46159-8.