Caribbean English

Caribbean English
RegionCommonwealth Caribbean
Native speakers
1,824,960 (2001‑21)[1][note 1]
L2: 540,200 (2003‑20) [1][note 2]
Early forms
Standard forms
  • Caribbean Standard English[2]
Dialects Virgin Islands Creole
Latin (English alphabet)
Official status
Official language in
Commonwealth Caribbean[1]
Recognised minority
language in
Language codes
ISO 639-3
IETFen-029
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Caribbean English (CE,[note 3] CarE) is a set of dialects of the English language which are spoken in the Caribbean and most countries on the Caribbean coasts of Central America and South America. Caribbean English is influenced by, but is distinct to the English-based creole languages spoken in the region. Though dialects of Caribbean English vary structurally and phonetically across the region, all are primarily derived from British English and West African languages. In some countries with a plurality Indian population, such as Trinidad and Tobago and Guyana, Caribbean English has further been influenced by Hindustani and other South Asian languages.[3][4][5]

  1. ^ a b c Eberhard, Simons & Fennig 2022, digest on English.
  2. ^ Allsopp 2003, pp. liv–lvi.
  3. ^ Mahabir 1999, p. ???.
  4. ^ Holbrook & Holbrook 2001, p. ???.
  5. ^ SC nd, ???.


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