Cartel party theory

In politics, a cartel party or cartel political party is a party which uses the resources of the state to maintain its position within the political system, operating similar to a cartel.^[1] The premise is that the parties do not compete with one another, but rather collude to protect their collective interests and keep small outsider parties from being viable.^[1]^[2]

Richard Katz and Peter Mair argue that "parties in Western Europe have adapted themselves to declining levels of participation and involvement in party activities by not only turning to resources provided by the state but by doing so in a collusive manner".^[3]

^ ^a ^b Katz, Richard S.; Mair, Peter (2018). "The Cartel Party". Democracy and the Cartelization of Political Parties. doi:10.1093/oso/9780199586011.003.0006.
^ Slater, Dan (2004). "Indonesia's Accountability Trap: Party Cartels and Presidential Power after Democratic Transition". Indonesia (78): 61–92. ISSN 0019-7289. JSTOR 3351288.
^ K Detterbeck, Cartel Parties in Western Europe?, Party Politics, Vol. 11, No. 2, p173-191 (2005)

[:0-1] Katz, Richard S.; Mair, Peter (2018). "The Cartel Party". Democracy and the Cartelization of Political Parties. doi:10.1093/oso/9780199586011.003.0006.

[2] Slater, Dan (2004). "Indonesia's Accountability Trap: Party Cartels and Presidential Power after Democratic Transition". Indonesia (78): 61–92. ISSN 0019-7289. JSTOR 3351288.

[3] K Detterbeck, Cartel Parties in Western Europe?, Party Politics, Vol. 11, No. 2, p173-191 (2005)

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