Chandrayaan programme

Chandrayaan programme
Candrayāna Abhiyāna
	LVM3 M4 lifting off with Chandrayaan-3 on 14 July 2023
Program overview
Country	India
Organisation	ISRO
Purpose	Exploration of the Moon
Status	Active
Programme history
Cost	₹1,980 crore (US$240 million)
Duration	2003–present
First flight	Chandrayaan-1, 22 October 2008
Last flight	Chandrayaan-3, 14 July 2023
Successes	2
Failures	0
Partial failures	1 (Chandrayaan-2)
Launch site(s)	Satish Dhawan Space Centre
Vehicle information
Vehicle type	Satellites; Uncrewed lander; Rover; Propulsion module;
Uncrewed vehicle(s)	Chandrayaan orbiters; Vikram; Pragyan;
Launch vehicle(s)	PSLV; LVM3;

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The Chandrayaan programme (/ˌtʃʌndrəˈjɑːn/ CHUN-drə-YAHN) (Sanskrit: Candra 'Moon', Yāna 'Craft, Vehicle', pronunciation^ⓘ)^[4]^[5] also known as the Indian Lunar Exploration Programme is an ongoing series of outer space missions by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) for the exploration of the Moon. The program incorporates a lunar orbiter, an impactor, a soft lander and a rover spacecraft.

There have been three missions so far with a total of two orbiters, landers and rovers each. While the two orbiters were successful, the first lander and rover which were part of the Chandrayaan-2 mission, crashed on the surface. The second lander and rover mission Chandrayaan-3 successfully landed on the Moon on 23 August 2023, making India the first nation to successfully land a spacecraft in the lunar south pole region, and the fourth country to soft land on the Moon after the Soviet Union, the United States and China.

^ "Chandrayaan-2 mission cheaper than Hollywood film Interstellar – Times of India". The Times of India. 20 February 2018. Archived from the original on 26 July 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
^ "Question No. 2222: Status of Chandrayaan Programme" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2017.
^ "2003 – An Eventful Year for ISRO". www.isro.gov.in. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
^ "Chandrayaan-2 FAQ". Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019. The name Chandrayaan means "Chandra-Moon, Yaan-Vehicle", – in Indian languages (Sanskrit and Hindi), – the lunar spacecraft
^ Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899): Candra: "[...] m. the moon (also personified as a deity Mn. &c)" Yāna: "[...] n. a vehicle of any kind , carriage , wagon , vessel , ship , [...]"

[:2-1] "Chandrayaan-2 mission cheaper than Hollywood film Interstellar – Times of India". The Times of India. 20 February 2018. Archived from the original on 26 July 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019.

[:1-2] "Question No. 2222: Status of Chandrayaan Programme" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2017.

[3] "2003 – An Eventful Year for ISRO". www.isro.gov.in. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019. Retrieved 24 July 2019.

[CY2_FAQ2-4] "Chandrayaan-2 FAQ". Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019. The name Chandrayaan means "Chandra-Moon, Yaan-Vehicle", – in Indian languages (Sanskrit and Hindi), – the lunar spacecraft

[5] Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899): Candra: "[...] m. the moon (also personified as a deity Mn. &c)" Yāna: "[...] n. a vehicle of any kind , carriage , wagon , vessel , ship , [...]"

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