City of Bradford

City of Bradford
City and metropolitan borough
Bradford
From left to right Top: Bradford City Hall and fountains Upper: Queensbury and Shipley skyline Lower: Silsden town hall and Keighley town centre Bottom: Bingley All Saints Church and Ilkley Moor
Coat of arms
Nickname:  'Wool City'[1][2]
Motto:  'Progress-Industry-Humanity'
Bradford shown within West Yorkshire
Coordinates: 53°47′31″N 1°45′14″W / 53.792°N 1.754°W / 53.792; -1.754
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Country	England
Region	Yorkshire and the Humber
Ceremonial county	West Yorkshire
Historic county	Yorkshire
Admin HQ	Bradford
Borough charter	1847
City status	1897
City of Bradford Met. District created	1974
Government
• Type	Metropolitan borough, City
• Governing body	City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council
• Council Leader	Susan Hinchcliffe (Lab)
• Lord Mayor	Cllr Doreen Lee (Lab)
• Deputy Lord Mayor	Cllr Shabir Hussain (Lab)
• MPs:	Anna Dixon (Lab) Naz Shah (Lab) Robbie Moore (Con) Judith Cummins (Lab) Imran Hussain (Lab)
Area
• Total	143 sq mi (370 km2)
Population  (2022)
• Total	552,644 (Ranked 9th)
• Density	3,341/sq mi (1,290/km2)
• Ethnicity (2021 census)[4]	61.1% White 32.1% Asian 2.0% Black 2.7% Mixed 2.0% Other [3]
Ethnicity (2021) [5]
• Ethnic groups	List 61.1% White 32.1% Asian 2.7% Mixed 2% Black 2% other
Religion (2021) [5]
• Religion	List 33.4% Christianity 30.5% Islam 28.2% no religion 5.5% not stated 0.9% Sikhism 0.9% Hinduism 0.4% other 0.2% Buddhism 0.1% Judaism
Time zone	UTC+0 (Greenwich Mean Time)
Postcode	BD, LS
Area code(s)	01274 (urban core/wider city) 01535 (Keighley) 01943 (Ilkley)
ISO 3166-2	GB-BFD
ONS code	00CX (ONS) E08000032 (GSS)
NUTS 3	UKE41
OS grid reference	SE164331
Website	www.bradford.gov.uk
Click the map for an interactive fullscreen view

Bradford (/ˈbrædfərd/ ^ⓘ),^[6] also known as the City of Bradford, is a metropolitan borough in West Yorkshire, England. It is named after its largest settlement, Bradford, but covers a larger area which includes the towns and villages of Keighley, Shipley, Bingley, Ilkley, Haworth, Silsden, Queensbury, Thornton and Denholme. Bradford has a population of 528,155,^[7] making it the fourth-most populous metropolitan district and the ninth-most populous local authority district in England. It forms part of the West Yorkshire Urban Area conurbation which in 2011 had a population of 1,777,934,^[8] and the city is part of the Leeds-Bradford Larger Urban Zone (LUZ), which, with a population of 2,393,300, is the fourth largest in the United Kingdom after London, Birmingham and Manchester.^[9]

The city is situated on the edge of the Pennines, and is bounded to the east by the City of Leeds, the south by the Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees and the south west by the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale. The Pendle borough of Lancashire lies to the west whilst the unitary authority of North Yorkshire lie to the north west and north east of the city. Bradford is the 4th largest metropolitan district in the country, and the contiguous urban area to the north which includes the towns of Shipley and Bingley is heavily populated. The spa town of Ilkley lies further north, whilst the town of Keighley lies to the west. Roughly two thirds of the district is rural, with an environment varying from moorlands in the north and west, to valleys and floodplains formed by the river systems that flow throughout the district. More than half of Bradford's land is green open space, stretching over part of the Airedale and Wharfedale Valleys, across the hills and the Pennine moorland between. The Yorkshire Dales and the Peak District are both in close proximity.^[10]

The City of Bradford has architecture designated as being of special or historic importance, most of which were constructed with local stone, with 5,800 listed buildings and 59 conservation areas.^[11] The model village of Saltaire has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Central Bradford rose to prominence during the 19th century as an international centre of textile manufacture, particularly wool. The area's access to a supply of coal, iron ore and soft water facilitated the growth of Bradford's manufacturing base, which, as textile manufacture grew, led to an explosion in population and was a stimulus to civic investment. However, Bradford has faced similar challenges to the rest of the post-industrial area of northern England, including deindustrialisation, housing problems, and economic deprivation. Wool and textiles still play an important part in the city's economy, but today's fastest-growing sectors include information technology, financial services, digital industries, environmental technologies, cultural industries, tourism and retail headquarters and distribution.

Bradford has experienced significant levels of immigration throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 1840s Bradford's population was significantly increased by migrants from Ireland,^[12] particularly rural County Mayo and County Sligo, and by 1851 around 18,000 people of Irish origin resided in the town, representing around 10% of the population, the largest proportion in Yorkshire. Around the same time there was also an influx of German Jewish migrants to the town, and by 1910 around 1,500 people of German origin resided in the city.^[13] In the 1950s there was large scale immigration from South Asia and to a lesser extent from Poland. Bradford has the second highest proportion in England and Wales outside London, in terms of population (behind Birmingham) and in percentage (behind Slough, Leicester, Luton and Blackburn with Darwen). An estimated 140,149 people of South Asian origin reside in the city, representing around 26.83% of the city's population.^[14] An estimated 352,317 of all White ethnic groups reside in the city which includes people of Polish and Irish origin, representing around 67.44% of the city's population.^[15]

In 2025, Bradford will become the UK City of Culture having won the UK City of Culture designation on 31 May 2022.^[16]