Claudius Aelianus

Imaginary likeness of Aelian from a 1610 edition of the Varia Historia

Claudius Aelianus (Ancient Greek: Κλαύδιος Αἰλιανός, Greek transliteration Kláudios Ailianós;[1] c. 175 – c. 235 AD), commonly Aelian (/ˈliən/), born at Praeneste, was a Roman author and teacher of rhetoric who flourished under Septimius Severus and probably outlived Elagabalus, who died in 222. He spoke Greek so fluently that he was called "honey-tongued" (μελίγλωσσος meliglossos); Roman-born, he preferred Greek authors, and wrote in a slightly archaizing Greek himself.[2]

His two chief works are valuable for the numerous quotations from the works of earlier authors, which are otherwise lost, and for the surprising lore, which offers unexpected glimpses into the Greco-Roman world-view. De Natura Animalium is also the only Greco-Roman work to mention Gilgamesh.

  1. ^ Η φυσιογνωμία ενός λαού θεμελιών. Μύθοι για την Ελιά. Retrieved June 5, 2011, from http://www.etwinning.gr/projects/elia/muthoi.htm
  2. ^ This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainChisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Aelian". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 256. This cites:
    • Editio princeps of complete works by Gesner, 1556; Hercher, 1864-1866.
    • English translation of the Various History only by Fleming, 1576, and Stanley, 1665
    • Translation of the Letters by Quillard (French), 1895

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