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Columbia University

For other uses, see Columbia University (disambiguation).

Columbia University
Coat of arms
Latin: Universitas Columbiae[1]
Former names
King's College
(1754–1784)
Columbia College
(1784–1896)
MottoIn lumine Tuo videbimus lumen (Latin)
Motto in English
"In Thy light shall we see light"[2]
TypePrivate, research university
EstablishedMay 25, 1754 (1754-05-25)
AccreditationMSCHE
Academic affiliations
Endowment$14.8 billion (2024)[3]
Budget$5.9 billion (2023)[4]: 5 
PresidentKatrina Armstrong (interim)
ProvostAngela Olinto
Academic staff
4,628[5]
Students36,649[6]
Undergraduates9,761[6]
Postgraduates26,888[6]
Location
New York
,
New York
,
United States

40°48′27″N 73°57′43″W / 40.80750°N 73.96194°W / 40.80750; -73.96194
CampusLarge city, 299 acres (1.21 km2)
NewspaperColumbia Daily Spectator
ColorsColumbia blue and white[7]
   
NicknameLions
Sporting affiliations
MascotRoar-ee the Lion
Websitecolumbia.edu Edit this at Wikidata

Columbia University, officially Columbia University in the City of New York,[8] is a private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhattan, it is the oldest institution of higher education in New York and the fifth-oldest in the United States.

Columbia was established as a colonial college by royal charter under George II of Great Britain. It was renamed Columbia College in 1784 following the American Revolution, and in 1787 was placed under a private board of trustees headed by former students Alexander Hamilton and John Jay. In 1896, the campus was moved to its current location in Morningside Heights and renamed Columbia University.

Columbia is organized into twenty schools, including four undergraduate schools and 16 graduate schools. The university's research efforts include the Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory, the Goddard Institute for Space Studies, and accelerator laboratories with Big Tech firms such as Amazon and IBM.[9][10] Columbia is a founding member of the Association of American Universities and was the first school in the United States to grant the MD degree.[11] The university also administers and annually awards the Pulitzer Prize.

Columbia scientists and scholars have played a pivotal role in scientific breakthroughs including brain–computer interface; the laser and maser;[12][13] nuclear magnetic resonance;[14] the first nuclear pile; the first nuclear fission reaction in the Americas; the first evidence for plate tectonics and continental drift;[15][16][17] and much of the initial research and planning for the Manhattan Project during World War II.

As of December 2021, its alumni, faculty, and staff have included seven of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America;[n 1] four U.S. presidents;[n 2] 34 foreign heads of state or government;[n 3] two secretaries-general of the United Nations;[n 4] ten justices of the United States Supreme Court; 103 Nobel laureates; 125 National Academy of Sciences members;[59] 53 living billionaires;[60] 23 Olympic medalists;[61] 33 Academy Award winners; and 125 Pulitzer Prize recipients.

  1. ^ Record of the Celebration of the Quatercentenary of the University of Aberdeen. University of Aberdeen. 1907. p. 403.
  2. ^ Psalms 36:9
  3. ^ "IMC CEO Statement on FY24 Endowment Returns". Columbia Finance. September 27, 2024. Retrieved October 15, 2024.
  4. ^ "Consolidated Financial Statements, June 30, 2023 and 2022" (PDF). Columbia University. October 17, 2023. p. 23. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 16, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  5. ^ "Full-time Faculty Distribution by School/Division, Fall 2013-2022" (PDF). Columbia University Office of Planning and Institutional Research. January 28, 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 26, 2023. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  6. ^ a b c "Enrollment by School and Degree Level, Fall 2022" (PDF). Columbia University Office of Planning and Institutional Research. November 3, 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 20, 2022. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  7. ^ "Brand Guide". VisualIdentity.Columbia.edu. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
  8. ^ McCaughey, Robert A. (2003), Stand, Columbia: A History of Columbia University in the City of New York, 1754–2004, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 177, ISBN 0-231-13008-2, Several developments at Columbia in the 1890s helped separate, or at least dramatze, the break with what had gone before and what would come later. The first was a formal change in name, giving the institution the fourth in its history. It began in 1754 as King's College and became in 1784 and remained for three thereafter Columbia College in the State of New York. From 1787 until 1896 Columbia was officially Columbia College in the City of New York, until, by trustee resolution on May 2, 1896, it became Columbia University in the City of New York.<Footnote 2: Columbia University Trustees Minutes, January 8, 1912. The change was formally accepted by the New York State Board of Regents in 1912. (page 609)>
  9. ^ "Columbia Engineering and Amazon Announce Creation of New York AI Research Center". Columbia Engineering. September 21, 2020. Archived from the original on September 14, 2021. Retrieved September 14, 2021.
  10. ^ "Columbia University and IBM Establish New Center to Accelerate Innovation in Blockchain and Data Transparency | Columbia Engineering". Engineering.columbia.edu. July 17, 2018. Archived from the original on December 22, 2018. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
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  12. ^ Nykolaiszyn, J. M. (June 1, 2009). "Curating Oral Histories: From Interview to Archive". Oral History Review. 36 (2): 302–304. doi:10.1093/ohr/ohp054. ISSN 0094-0798. S2CID 161615270.
  13. ^ Taylor, Nick (2000). Laser : the inventor, the Nobel laureate, and the thirty-year patent war. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-83515-0. OCLC 44594104.
  14. ^ "Isidor Isaac Rabi". Aps.org. Archived from the original on December 2, 2018. Retrieved December 2, 2018.
  15. ^ N. D. Opdyke, et al., "Paleomagnetic study of Antarctic deep-sea cores", Science 154(1966): 349–357.
  16. ^ Heirtzler, J. R., et al., "Marine magnetic anomalies, geomagnetic field reversals, and motions of the ocean floor and continents", Journal of Geophysical Research, 73(1968): 2119–2136.
  17. ^ Pitman, W. and M. Talwani, "Sea-floor spreading in the North Atlantic", GSA Bulletin, 83(1972): 619–646.
  18. ^ Chernow, Ron (2004). Alexander Hamilton. Penguin Books. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-59420-009-0.
  19. ^ "A Brief Biography of John Jay". The Papers of John Jay. Columbia University. 2002. Archived from the original on November 27, 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2011.
  20. ^ Dangerfield, George (1960). Chancellor Robert R. Livingston of New York, 1746–1813. New York, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co.
  21. ^ "Egbert Benson". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011. Retrieved April 16, 2011.
  22. ^ Wright, Robert K Jr. (1987). "Gouverneur Morris". Soldier-Statesmen of the Constitution. United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 71-25. Archived from the original on October 9, 2019. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
  23. ^ "From Alexander Hamilton to George Clinton, [26 November 1784–17 July 1787]". Founders Online. Archived from the original on June 30, 2021. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
  24. ^ Cite error: The named reference :12 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  25. ^ Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali. "Experiences In Arab Affairs". Harvard University. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved April 18, 2011.
  26. ^ "Riasat al-Wuzara' — Dawlat al-Duktur Qasim al-Riymawi" رئاسة الوزراء — دولة الدكتور قاسم الريماوي [The Cabinet — His Excellency Dr. Kassim al-Rimawi]. www.pm.gov.jo. Archived from the original on May 28, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
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  28. ^ Amstutz, Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. Diane Publishing. p. 303. ISBN 978-0-7881-1111-2.
  29. ^ "Namibia PM is Nahas Angula ... Educated in the US". Newsday. October 13, 2009. Archived from the original on August 1, 2017. Retrieved April 18, 2011.
  30. ^ "The Biography of Marek Belka". United Nations. Archived from the original on February 5, 2009. Retrieved April 18, 2011.
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  32. ^ "Charlemagne: Wlodzimierz Cimoszewicz". The Economist. November 1, 2001. Archived from the original on October 24, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2011.
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  34. ^ "Gaston Eyskens Dies at Age 82; Led Six Governments in Belgium". The New York Times. January 5, 1988. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on August 16, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
  35. ^ "Ashraf Ghani: departing Afghan president who failed to make peace with Taliban". Thomson Reuters. August 15, 2021.
  36. ^ Alyssa Smith (October 7, 2010). "State Building Challenges in Timor Leste". Columbia Communique. Archived from the original on August 13, 2011. Retrieved April 18, 2011.
  37. ^ Herb Jackson. "From Estonia to Leonia". Estonian Office of the President. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011. Retrieved April 18, 2011.
  38. ^ "Columbia 250: Wellington Koo". Columbia University. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011. Retrieved April 18, 2011.
  39. ^ Kerry Brown (December 12, 2010). "Lee Huan obituary". The Guardian. UK. Archived from the original on February 9, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
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  48. ^ "T. V. Soong (Song Ziwen) – A Prominent Businessman and Politician in Republic of China". Cultural China. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Retrieved June 17, 2011.
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  55. ^ "Blue Velvet". Columbia Magazine. 2012. Archived from the original on July 18, 2022. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
  56. ^ "Lucas Papademos". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on June 26, 2022. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
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  58. ^ "Boutros Boutros-Ghali". www.un.org. Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
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  60. ^ Kathleen Elkins. "More billionaires went to Harvard than to Stanford, MIT and Yale combined". CNBC. Archived from the original on May 22, 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018.
  61. ^ "The Columbia University Athletes Who Have Medaled at the Olympics Over the Years". Columbia News. Archived from the original on August 4, 2021. Retrieved August 7, 2021.


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