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Composition over inheritance

This diagram shows how the fly and sound behavior of an animal can be designed in a flexible way by using the composition over inheritance design principle.[1]

Composition over inheritance (or composite reuse principle) in object-oriented programming (OOP) is the principle that classes should favor polymorphic behavior and code reuse by their composition (by containing instances of other classes that implement the desired functionality) over inheritance from a base or parent class.[2] Ideally all reuse can be achieved by assembling existing components, but in practice inheritance is often needed to make new ones. Therefore inheritance and object composition typically work hand-in-hand, as discussed in the book Design Patterns (1994).[3]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference FHDPs was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Knoernschild, Kirk (2002). Java Design - Objects, UML, and Process: 1.1.5 Composite Reuse Principle (CRP). Addison-Wesley Inc. ISBN 9780201750447. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
  3. ^ Gamma, Erich; Helm, Richard; Johnson, Ralph; Vlissides, John (1994). Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Addison-Wesley. p. 20. ISBN 0-201-63361-2. OCLC 31171684.

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