Finland's overall corruption is relatively low, according to public opinion and global indexes and standards. The 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index released by Transparency International scored Finland at 87 on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"). When ranked by score, Finland ranked second among the 180 countries in the Index, where the country or countries ranked first are perceived to have the most honest public sector.[1] Finland has ranked first, second or third every year since the current version of the Index was introduced in 2012.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] For comparison with 2023 worldwide scores, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), the average score was 43, and the worst score was 11 (ranked 180).[13] For comparison with regional scores, the highest score among Western European and European Union countries [Note 1] was 90, the average score was 65 and the lowest score was 42.[14]
According to a 2013 Transparency International survey, an overwhelming majority of people in Finland do not witness cases of corruption by public officials or institutions in their lifetime.[15] Existing corruption tends to be structural, arising from a network of wealthy individuals who favor each other in business; private companies have no disclosure requirements. The few instances of corruption involving the government include decision-making in state investments,[16] political donations, and election funding. Non-traditional types of corruption in Finland (common globally) include tax evasion, gifts, hospitality, and conflicts of interest.[17]
- ^ "The ABCs of the CPI: How the Corruption Perceptions Index is calculated". Transparency.org. 20 December 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2012: Finland". Transparency.org. 6 December 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2013: Finland". Transparency.org. 3 December 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2014: Finland". Transparency.org. 3 December 2014. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2015: Finland". Transparency.org. 27 January 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2016: Finland". Transparency.org. 25 January 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2017: Finland". Transparency.org. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2018: Finland". Transparency.org. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2019: Finland". Transparency.org. 24 January 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2020: Finland". Transparency.org. 28 January 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2021: Finland". Transparency.org. 25 January 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2022: Finland". Transparency.org. 31 January 2023. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ a b "Corruption Perceptions Index 2023: Finland". Transparency.org. 30 January 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "CPI 2023 for Western Europe & EU: Rule of law and political integrity threats undermine action against corruption". Transparency.org. 30 January 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Global Corruption Barometer 2013-Finland". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
- ^ Report: Finland 'still has work to do' in addressing corruption yle 3.2.2014
- ^ "Snapshot of the Finland Country Profile". Business Anti-Corruption Portal. GAN Integrity Solutions. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
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