Cuban War of Independence

Cuban War of Independence
	Part of the Spanish–American War
	; Lieutenant General Antonio Maceo's cavalry charge during the Battle of Ceja del Negro
Date	February 24, 1895 – December 10, 1898; (3 years, 9 months, 2 weeks and 2 days)
Location	Cuba
Result	American intervention; independence granted in 1902 Treaty of Paris; United States governance of Cuba; Cuban independence;
Belligerents
Cuban Liberation Army; Supported by:; United States;	Spanish Empire Captaincy General of Cuba;
Commanders and leaders
Máximo Gómez; José Martí †; Antonio Maceo †; José Maceo †; Serafín Sánchez †; Juan Bruno Zayas †; Guillermo Moncada †; Flor Crombet †; Juan Rius Rivera (POW); Julio Sanguily (POW);	Arsenio Linares; Manuel Macías; Ramón Blanco; Valeriano Weyler; Patricio Montojo; Pascual Cervera; Arsenio Campos;
Strength
53,774	196,000
Casualties and losses
5,480 killed ; 3,437 dead from disease	9,413 killed ; 53,313 dead from disease
	300,000 Cuban civilians dead

The Cuban War of Independence (Spanish: Guerra de Independencia cubana), also known in Cuba as the Necessary War (Spanish: Guerra Necesaria),^[5] fought from 1895 to 1898, was the last of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Ten Years' War (1868–1878)^[6] and the Little War (1879–1880). The final three months of the conflict escalated to become the Spanish–American War, with United States forces being deployed in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippine Islands against Spain. Historians disagree as to the extent that United States officials were motivated to intervene for humanitarian reasons but agree that yellow journalism exaggerated atrocities attributed to Spanish forces against Cuban civilians.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Clodfelter (2017). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015.
^ Clodfelter, Micheal, Warfare and Armed Conflict: A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1618–1991
^ Sheina, Robert L., Latin America's Wars: The Age of the Caudillo, 1791–1899 (2003)
^ COWP: Correlates of War Project, University of Michigan
^ "24 de febrero de 1895: La guerra necesaria de José Martí". Prensa Latina. February 24, 2023. Archived from the original on February 24, 2023.
^ "The Spanish-American War - The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War (Hispanic Division, Library of Congress)". www.loc.gov. Retrieved February 10, 2023.

[clodfelter-1] Clodfelter (2017). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015.

[ReferenceA-2] Clodfelter, Micheal, Warfare and Armed Conflict: A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1618–1991

[3] Sheina, Robert L., Latin America's Wars: The Age of the Caudillo, 1791–1899 (2003)

[4] COWP: Correlates of War Project, University of Michigan

[5] "24 de febrero de 1895: La guerra necesaria de José Martí". Prensa Latina. February 24, 2023. Archived from the original on February 24, 2023.

[6] "The Spanish-American War - The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War (Hispanic Division, Library of Congress)". www.loc.gov. Retrieved February 10, 2023.

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