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DNA walker

A DNA walker is a class of nucleic acid nanomachines where a nucleic acid "walker" is able to move along a nucleic acid "track". The concept of a DNA walker was first defined and named by John H. Reif in 2003.[1] A nonautonomous DNA walker requires external changes for each step, whereas an autonomous DNA walker progresses without any external changes. Various nonautonomous DNA walkers were developed, for example Shin [2] controlled the motion of DNA walker by using 'control strands' which needed to be manually added in a specific order according to the template's sequence in order to get the desired path of motion. In 2004 the first autonomous DNA walker, which did not require external changes for each step, was experimentally demonstrated by the Reif group. [3]

DNA walkers have functional properties such as a range of motion extending from linear to 2 and 3-dimensional, the ability to pick up and drop off molecular cargo,[4] performing DNA-templated synthesis, and increased velocity of motion. DNA walkers have potential applications ranging from nanomedicine to nanorobotics.[5][6][7] Many different fuel options have been studied including DNA hybridization, hydrolysis of DNA or ATP, and light.[8][9] The DNA walker's function is similar to that of the proteins dynein and kinesin.[5]

  1. ^ Reif JH (2003). "The Design of Autonomous DNA Nanomechanical Devices: Walking and Rolling DNA". Natural Computing. 2 (15): 439–461. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.4.291. doi:10.1023/B:NACO.0000006775.03534.92. S2CID 6200417.
  2. ^ Shin JS, Pierce NA (September 2004). "A synthetic DNA walker for molecular transport". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 126 (35): 10834–10835. doi:10.1021/ja047543j. PMID 15339155.
  3. ^ Yin P, Yan H, Daniell XG, Turberfield AJ, Reif JH (September 2004). "A unidirectional DNA walker that moves autonomously along a track". Angewandte Chemie. 43 (37): 4906–4911. doi:10.1002/anie.200460522. PMID 15372637.
  4. ^ Thubagere AJ, Li W, Johnson RF, Chen Z, Doroudi S, Lee YL, et al. (September 2017). "A cargo-sorting DNA robot". Science. 357 (6356): eaan6558. doi:10.1126/science.aan6558. PMID 28912216.
  5. ^ a b Simmel FC (October 2009). "Processive motion of bipedal DNA walkers". ChemPhysChem. 10 (15): 2593–2597. doi:10.1002/cphc.200900493. PMID 19739195.
  6. ^ Pan J, Li F, Cha TG, Chen H, Choi JH (August 2015). "Recent progress on DNA based walkers". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 34: 56–64. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2014.11.017. PMID 25498478.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ You M, Chen Y, Zhang X, Liu H, Wang R, Wang K, et al. (March 2012). "An autonomous and controllable light-driven DNA walking device". Angewandte Chemie. 51 (10): 2457–2460. doi:10.1002/anie.201107733. PMC 3843772. PMID 22298502.
  9. ^ Škugor M, Valero J, Murayama K, Centola M, Asanuma H, Famulok M (May 2019). "Orthogonally Photocontrolled Non-Autonomous DNA Walker". Angewandte Chemie. 58 (21): 6948–6951. doi:10.1002/anie.201901272. PMID 30897257. S2CID 85446523.

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