Back دوقية بارما Arabic پارما دوکلیغی AZB Пармскае герцагства Byelorussian Херцогство Парма, Пиаченца и Гуастала Bulgarian Dugelezh Parma Breton Ducat de Parma Catalan Parmské vévodství Czech Hertugdømmet Parma Danish Herzogtum Parma German Δουκάτο της Πάρμα Greek
Duchy of Parma and Piacenza | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1545–1802 (1808) 1814–1859 | |||||||||||||||||||
.svg) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Motto: Dirige me Domine! (Latin) Lead me, oh Lord! | |||||||||||||||||||
 The Duchy of Parma and Piacenza (green) | |||||||||||||||||||
.jpg) Northern Italy in 1815. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Status | Duchy | ||||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Parma Piacenza | ||||||||||||||||||
| Common languages | |||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||||||||||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Parman | ||||||||||||||||||
| Government | |||||||||||||||||||
| Duke | |||||||||||||||||||
• 1545–1547 | Pier Luigi Farnese (first) | ||||||||||||||||||
• 1854–1859 | Robert I (last) | ||||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||||
• Creation and granting of the title of duke to Pier Luigi Farnese by Pope Paul III | 16 September 1545 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 24 April 1748 | |||||||||||||||||||
• Ceded to France Treaty of Aranjuez (1801) | 21 March 1801 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Formal annexation by France | 1808 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Restored | 11 April 1814 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Ceded to the United Provinces of Central Italy | 8 December 1859 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||||||
• Estimate | 501,000 in the 19th century | ||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | Parman lira | ||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||
| Today part of | Italy | ||||||||||||||||||
.svg)
The Duchy of Parma and Piacenza (Italian: Ducato di Parma e Piacenza, Latin: Ducatus Parmae et Placentiae) was an Italian state created in 1545 and located in northern Italy, in the current region of Emilia-Romagna.[1]
Originally a realm of the Farnese family after Pope Paul III made it a hereditary duchy for his son, Pier Luigi Farnese, it was ruled by the dynasty until 1731, when the last duke, Antonio Farnese, died without direct heirs.[1][2] After a decade of Habsburg rule, the duchy passed to the House of Bourbon-Parma.
It was invaded by Napoleon and annexed by France, having its sovereignty restored in 1814 after Napoleon's defeat. Napoleon's wife, Marie Louise (Maria Luigia), then ruled as its duchess until her death. Parma was restored to Bourbon rule in 1847, and in 1859, the duchy was formally abolished as it was integrated into the new Italian state.[1]
- ^ a b c "Duchy of Parma and Piacenza | historical duchy, Italy". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-11-02.
- ^ "Parma e Piacenza, ducato di nell'Enciclopedia Treccani". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-08-05.