Back تأثيرات الحشيش Arabic Efeutos del cannabis sobre la salú AST গাঁজার প্রভাব Bengali/Bangla Efectos del cannabis sobre la salud Spanish اثرات ماری‌جوانا Persian Kannabiksen vaikutukset Finnish Effets du cannabis sur la santé French Toxicidade do cánnabis Galician השפעות של קנאביס HE Effetti della cannabis sulla salute Italian

Effects of cannabis

See also: Long-term effects of cannabis
A dried cannabis flower

The short-term effects of cannabis are caused by many chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113[clarification needed] different cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and 120 terpenes,[1] which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body. Different plants of the genus Cannabis contain different and often unpredictable concentrations of THC and other cannabinoids and hundreds of other molecules that have a pharmacological effect,[2][3] so the final net effect cannot reliably be foreseen. Acute effects while under the influence can sometimes include euphoria or anxiety.[4][5] Although some assert that cannabidiol (CBD), another cannabinoid found in cannabis in varying amounts, may alleviate the adverse effects of THC that some users experience,[6] little is known about CBD's effects on humans.[7][8] Cannabinoid receptor antagonists have previously been tested as antidotes for cannabis intoxication with success, reducing or eliminating the physiological and psychological effects of intoxication.[9] Some of these products are currently in development as cannabis antidotes.

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  2. ^ Rudolf Brenneisen. "Chemistry and Analysis of Phytocannabinoids and Other Cannabis Constituents" (PDF). Medicinalgenomics.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  3. ^ Atakan Z (December 2012). "Cannabis, a complex plant: different compounds and different effects on individuals". Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology. 2 (6): 241–54. doi:10.1177/2045125312457586. PMC 3736954. PMID 23983983.
  4. ^ Osborne GB, Fogel C (2008). "Understanding the motivations for recreational marijuana use among adult Canadians". Substance Use & Misuse. 43 (3–4): 539–72, discussion 573–9, 585–7. doi:10.1080/10826080701884911. PMID 18365950. S2CID 31053594.
  5. ^ Ranganathan M, D'Souza DC (November 2006). "The acute effects of cannabinoids on memory in humans: a review". Psychopharmacology. 188 (4): 425–44. doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0508-y. PMID 17019571. S2CID 10328820.
  6. ^ Grotenhermen F (2003). "Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cannabinoids". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 42 (4): 327–60. doi:10.2165/00003088-200342040-00003. PMID 12648025. S2CID 25623600.
  7. ^ White CM (July 2019). "A Review of Human Studies Assessing Cannabidiol's (CBD) Therapeutic Actions and Potential". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 59 (7): 923–934. doi:10.1002/jcph.1387. PMID 30730563. S2CID 73452711.
  8. ^ Haney M, Malcolm RJ, Babalonis S, Nuzzo PA, Cooper ZD, Bedi G, et al. (July 2016). "Oral Cannabidiol does not Alter the Subjective, Reinforcing or Cardiovascular Effects of Smoked Cannabis". Neuropsychopharmacology. 41 (8): 1974–82. doi:10.1038/npp.2015.367. PMC 4908634. PMID 26708108.
  9. ^ Sabioni, Pamela; Le Foll, Bernard (2018). "Psychosocial and pharmacological interventions for the treatment of cannabis use disorder". F1000Research. 7: 173. doi:10.12688/f1000research.11191.1. ISSN 2046-1402. PMC 5811668. PMID 29497498.

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