Era of Fragmentation

Map showing the major kingdoms of Tibet during the Era of Fragmentation: Purang-Guge, Maryul, Zanskar, Khasa, Mangyül and Tsongkha[1]
Map showing major regional affiliations during the Era of Fragmentation in Tibet

The Era of Fragmentation (Tibetan: སིལ་ཆད་དུ་འཆད་པ; Chinese: 吐蕃分裂時期) was an era of disunity in Tibetan history lasting from the death of the Tibetan Empire's last emperor, Langdarma, in 842 until Drogön Chögyal Phagpa became the Imperial Preceptor of the three regions of Tibet in 1253, following the Mongol conquest in the 1240s. During this period, the political unity of the Tibetan Empire collapsed following a civil war between Yumtän (Yum brtan) and Ösung (’Od-srung),[2] after which followed numerous rebellions against the remnants of imperial Tibet and the rise of regional warlords.[3]

  1. ^ Ryavec 2015, p. 60-61.
  2. ^ Shakabpa 2010, p. 173.
  3. ^ van Schaik & Galambos 2011, p. 4

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