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Fascism, including National Socialism, has been present in movements and political parties in the Netherlands since 1923, as part of fascism in Europe.
The first fascist political party, the Union of Actualists (Dutch: Verbond van Actualisten, VvA), was founded in 1923. Over sixty other fascist political parties were founded between 1923 and 1940, mostly as a result of infighting in and between the parties. The National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands (Dutch: Nationaal Socialistische Beweging, NSB) led by Anton Mussert became the most important around 1933. The general ideology of the fascists parties had been based on Italian fascism, but after 1935 the NSB and other fascists parties radicalised to national socialism. In 1941, all political parties were banned by the Nazi German occupation, except for the NSB.
After the Second World War, the NSB was outlawed. Small neo-fascist parties have been founded since, such as the Dutch People's Union (Dutch: Nederlandse Volks-Unie, NVU) and the Centre Party '86, but without national electoral success.