GABA

γ-Aminobutyric acid
Names
Pronunciation	/ˈɡæmə əˈmiːnoʊbjuːˈtɪrɪk ˈæsɪd/, /ˈɡæbə/ (GABA)
	Preferred IUPAC name 4-Aminobutanoic acid
	Other names γ-Aminobutanoic acid; 4-Aminobutyric acid; 3-Carboxypropylamine; Piperidic acid; Piperidinic acid;
Identifiers
CAS Number	56-12-2 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	906818
ChEBI	CHEBI:16865 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL96 ;
ChemSpider	116 ;
DrugBank	DB02530 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.235
EC Number	200-258-6;
Gmelin Reference	49775
IUPHAR/BPS	1067;
KEGG	D00058 ;
MeSH	gamma-Aminobutyric+Acid
PubChem CID	119;
RTECS number	ES6300000;
UNII	2ACZ6IPC6I ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6035106 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H9NO2/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h1-3,5H2,(H,6,7) Key: BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C4H9NO2/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h1-3,5H2,(H,6,7) Key: BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYAC;
	SMILES NCCCC(=O)O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H9NO2
Molar mass	103.121 g·mol−1
Appearance	white microcrystalline powder
Density	1.11 g/mL
Melting point	203.7 °C (398.7 °F; 476.8 K)
Boiling point	247.9 °C (478.2 °F; 521.0 K)
Solubility in water	130 g/100 ml
log P	−3.17
Acidity (pKa)	4.031 (carboxyl; H2O); 10.556 (amino; H2O);
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Irritant, Harmful
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	12,680 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system. Its principal role is reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.

GABA is sold as a dietary supplement in many countries. It has been traditionally thought that exogenous GABA (i.e., taken as a supplement) does not cross the blood–brain barrier, but data obtained from more recent research (2010s) in rats describes the notion as being unclear.^[2]^[3]

The carboxylate form of GABA is γ-aminobutyrate.

^ Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–88. ISBN 978-1498754286.
^ Cite error: The named reference Kuriyama was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[CRC97-1] Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–88. ISBN 978-1498754286.

[Kuriyama-2] Cite error: The named reference Kuriyama was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:1-3] Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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