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The Sanskrit text Garuda Purana is one of 18 Mahapuranas in Hinduism.[1] The Garuda Purana was likely composed in the first millennium CE, with significant expansions and revisions occurring over several centuries. Scholars estimate that the earliest core might date back to between the 4th and 11th centuries CE, with substantial additions and modifications continuing into the 2nd millennium CE.[2][3]
The Garuda Purana text, known in many versions, contains more than 15,000 verses.[contradictory][3][4] Its chapters deal encyclopedically with a highly diverse collection of topics,[5] including cosmology, mythology, the relationship between gods, ethics, good versus evil, various schools of Hindu philosophies, the theory of yoga, heaven and hell, karma and rebirth, ancestral rites and other soteriological topics; rivers and geography, types of minerals and stones, the testing of gems for their quality, lists of plants and herbs,[6] various diseases and their symptoms, various medicines, aphrodisiacs, and prophylactics; astronomy, astrology, the moon and planets, and the Hindu calendar and its basis; architecture, home building, and the essential features of a Hindu temple; rites of passage, charity and gift making, economy, thrift, the duties of a king, politics, and state officials and their roles and how to appoint them; and genres of literature and rules of grammar.[1][4][7] The final chapters discuss how to practice yoga (Samkhya and Advaita types), personal development, and the benefits of self-knowledge.[1]
The Padma Purana categorizes the Garuda Purana—along with the Bhagavata Purana, the Vishnu Purana and itself—as a sattva Purana (a Purana that represents goodness and purity).[8] The text, like all Mahapuranas, is attributed to the sage Vyasa in the Hindu tradition.[9]
- ^ a b c Dutt 1908.
- ^ Pintchman 2001, pp. 91–92 with note 4.
- ^ a b Dalal 2014, p. 145.
- ^ a b Rocher 1986, pp. 175–178.
- ^ Rocher 1986, pp. 78–79.
- ^ Sensarma P (1992). "Plant names - Sanskrit and Latin". Anc Sci Life. 12 (1–2): 201–220. PMC 3336616. PMID 22556589.
- ^ Rajendra Chandra Hazra (1938), Some Minor Puranas, Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 69–79
- ^ Wilson, H. H. (1840). The Vishnu Purana: A system of Hindu mythology and tradition. Oriental Translation Fund. p. xii.
- ^ Jonathan Parry (2003). Joanna Overing (ed.). Reason and Morality. Routledge. pp. 209–210. ISBN 978-1135800468.