Girder bridge

Girder bridge

Two different girder bridges. The top is a plate girder bridge, while the bottom is a concrete girder bridge.
Ancestor	Beam bridge
Related	Trestle bridge, truss bridge, moon bridge
Descendant	Box girder bridge, Plate girder bridge
Carries	Pedestrians, automobiles, trucks, light rail, heavy rail
Span range	Short, Medium
Material	Iron, wood, concrete
Movable	No
Design effort	low
Falsework required	No

A girder bridge is a bridge that uses girders as the means of supporting its deck.^[1] The two most common types of modern steel girder bridges are plate and box.^{[citation needed]}

The term "girder" is often used interchangeably with "beam" in reference to bridge design.^[2][3][4][5] However, some authors define beam bridges slightly differently from girder bridges.^[6]

A girder may be made of concrete or steel. Many shorter bridges, especially in rural areas where they may be exposed to water overtopping and corrosion, utilize concrete box girder. The term "girder" is typically used to refer to a steel beam. In a beam or girder bridge, the beams themselves are the primary support for the deck, and are responsible for transferring the load down to the foundation. Material type, shape, and weight all affect how much weight a beam can hold. Due to the properties of the second moment of area, the height of a girder is the most significant factor to affect its load capacity. Longer spans, more traffic, or wider spacing of the beams will all directly result in a deeper beam. In truss and arch-style bridges, the girders are still the main support for the deck, but the load is transferred through the truss or arch to the foundation. These designs allow bridges to span larger distances without requiring the depth of the beam to increase beyond what is practical. However, with the inclusion of a truss or arch the bridge is no longer a true girder bridge.