Back طيهوج Arabic طيهوج ARZ Tetraoninae AST Tetralar Azerbaijani Цецеруковыя Byelorussian ཟེར་མོ། Tibetan Tetraonidae Breton Tetraonins Catalan Tetřevi Czech Skovhøns (urfugle) Danish

Grouse

For other uses, see Grouse (disambiguation).

Grouse
Temporal range: Early Miocene to recent
Male sage grouse
Centrocercus urophasianus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Galliformes
Family: Phasianidae
Subfamily: Phasianinae
Tribe: Tetraonini
Leach, 1819
Genera

Pucrasia[note 1]
Meleagris[note 1]
Bonasa
Tetrastes
Centrocercus
Dendragapus
Tympanuchus
Lagopus
Falcipennis
Canachites
Tetrao
Lyrurus

and see text

Synonyms

Tetraonidae Vigors, 1825
Tetraoninae Vigors, 1825

A ruffed grouse found at the Kortright Centre for Conservation.

Grouse /ɡraʊs/ are a group of birds from the order Galliformes, in the family Phasianidae. Grouse are presently assigned to the tribe Tetraonini (formerly the subfamily Tetraoninae and the family Tetraonidae), a classification supported by mitochondrial DNA sequence studies,[2] and applied by the American Ornithologists' Union,[3] ITIS,[4] International Ornithological Congress,[5] and others.[6][1]

Grouse inhabit temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, from pine forests to moorland and mountainside,[7] from 83°N (rock ptarmigan in northern Greenland) to 28°N (Attwater's prairie chicken in Texas).[8]

The turkeys are closely allied with grouse, but they have traditionally been excluded from Tetraonini, often placed in their own tribe, subfamily, or family;[2][8][9][10] certain more modern treatments also exclude them.[11][12] Later phylogenomic analyses demonstrated conclusively that they are sister to the traditionally-defined grouse, and they, along with the somewhat earlier-diverging koklass pheasant, may be treated as grouse (i.e., as basal members of the Tetraonini).[1] This is reflected in some more recent circumscriptions.[6][10]

  1. ^ a b c Kimball, Rebecca T.; Hosner, Peter A.; Braun, Edward L. (2021-05-01). "A phylogenomic supermatrix of Galliformes (Landfowl) reveals biased branch lengths". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 158: 107091. Bibcode:2021MolPE.15807091K. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107091. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 33545275. S2CID 231963063.
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Gutierrez was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference AOUlist was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference ITIS was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ "Taxonomic Updates – IOC World Bird List". Retrieved 2021-08-01.
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Boyd was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference EoB was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Firefly was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference ssd was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ a b "turkeys, grouse, pheasants, and partridges articles-Encyclopedia of Life". Encyclopedia of Life. 27 April 2013. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  11. ^ "Phasianidae Horsfield, 1821". GBIF. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  12. ^ Persons, Nicholas W.; Hosner, Peter A.; Meiklejohn, Kelly A.; Braun, Edward L.; Kimball, Rebecca T. (2016). "Sorting out relationships among the grouse and ptarmigan using intron, mitochondrial, and ultra-conserved element sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 98. Elsevier BV: 123–132. Bibcode:2016MolPE..98..123P. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.02.003. PMID 26879712.


Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

Developed by StudentB