Guayaquil Conference

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The Guayaquil Conference (Spanish: Conferencia de Guayaquil) was a meeting that took place on July 26–27, 1822 in the port city of Guayaquil (today part of Ecuador) between libertadors José de San Martín and Simón Bolívar to discuss the future of Peru, and South America in general. The conference is considered a turning point in the South American independence process.^[1]

Lima, a major royalist stronghold, had been captured by San Martín, who declared Peru's independence. Meanwhile, Bolívar had a successful campaign in Venezuela and New Granada, forming Gran Colombia. In Ecuador, a revolt in Guayaquil sparked independence movements, raising questions about its future alignment. Despite their common goals, Bolívar and San Martín could not agree on governance strategies for the liberated nations, with Bolívar favoring republics and San Martín supporting constitutional monarchies. Post-conference, San Martín retired, and Bolívar continued the liberation efforts.