Back GRNA Czech Single Guide RNA German ARN guía Spanish آرانای راهنما Persian RNK vodič Croatian RNA guida Italian Guide-RNA Dutch Гидовая РНК Russian 引导核糖核酸 Chinese
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Guide RNA (gRNA) or single guide RNA (sgRNA) is a short sequence of RNA that functions as a guide for the Cas9-endonuclease or other Cas-proteins[1] that cut the double-stranded DNA and thereby can be used for gene editing.[2] In bacteria and archaea, gRNAs are a part of the CRISPR-Cas system that serves as an adaptive immune defense that protects the organism from viruses. Here the short gRNAs serve as detectors of foreign DNA and direct the Cas-enzymes that degrades the foreign nucleic acid.[1][3]
- ^ a b Mali, Prashant; Yang, Luhan; Esvelt, Kevin M.; Aach, John; Guell, Marc; DiCarlo, James E.; Norville, Julie E.; Church, George M. (2013-02-15). "RNA-guided human genome engineering via Cas9". Science. 339 (6121): 823–826. Bibcode:2013Sci...339..823M. doi:10.1126/science.1232033. ISSN 1095-9203. PMC 3712628. PMID 23287722.
- ^ Doudna, Jennifer A.; Charpentier, Emmanuelle (2014-11-28). "The new frontier of genome engineering with CRISPR-Cas9". Science. 346 (6213). doi:10.1126/science.1258096. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 25430774.
- ^ Jinek, Martin; Chylinski, Krzysztof; Fonfara, Ines; Hauer, Michael; Doudna, Jennifer A.; Charpentier, Emmanuelle (2012-08-17). "A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity". Science. 337 (6096): 816–821. Bibcode:2012Sci...337..816J. doi:10.1126/science.1225829. ISSN 1095-9203. PMC 6286148. PMID 22745249.