Gurbansoltan Eje

Gurbansoltan Niýazowa (1913 – 6 October 1948), known as Gurbansoltan Eje, nee Atamyradowa, was the mother of the first post-Soviet president of Turkmenistan, Saparmyrat Nyýazow ("Türkmenbaşy"). She was killed in the 1948 Ashgabat earthquake (her husband Atamyrat Nyýazow having been killed during World War II), leaving the eight year old Saparmyrat an orphan.^[1]

^ Cummings, Sally N. (2004). Power and Change in Central Asia. Taylor & Francis. p. 118. ISBN 978-0-203-16691-8.

[1] Cummings, Sally N. (2004). Power and Change in Central Asia. Taylor & Francis. p. 118. ISBN 978-0-203-16691-8.

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