| Period | Early Harappan |
|---|---|
| Dates | 3300-2800 BCE |
| Preceded by | Transitional period |
| Followed by | Mature Harappan |
Hakra Ware culture was a material culture which is contemporaneous with the early Harappan Ravi phase culture (3300–2800 BCE) of the Indus Valley in Northern India and eastern-Pakistan.[1][2] This culture arises in the 4th millennium with the first remnants of Hakra Ware pottery appearing near Jalilpur on the Ravi River about 80 miles (130 km) southwest of Harappa in 1972.[3] Along with this, numerous other areas including Kunal, Dholavira, Bhirrana, Girwas, Farmana and Rakhigarhi areas of India contained Hakra Ware pottery.
Hakra Ware pottery is characterised by handmade vessels and involves the use of mud-applique pottery and is distinguishable from the rest through the type of materials and surface treatment used. It also uses geometric, flora and fauna detailing in objects such as saucer shaped lids, handmade bowls, cups and jars.[citation needed] The Hakra Ware culture also made structures in the form of subterranean dwelling pits, cut into the natural soil. The walls and floor of these pits were plastered with the yellowish alluvium of the Hakra valley.[4]
- ^ Coningham & Young 2015, p. 158.
- ^ Ahmed 2014, p. 107.
- ^ Mughal, Rafique (Spring 2001). "Resurrecting Sir Aurel Stein from the Cholistan Desert" (PDF). Boston University Center for Archaeological Studies. 15 (2).
- ^ Singh 2008, p. =109, 145, 153.