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Hard bop

This article is about the jazz style. For the album by Art Blakey and The Jazz Messengers, see Hard Bop (album).
Hard bop
Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers, 1960. Pictured are Lee Morgan (left), Jymie Merritt and Wayne Shorter (center), and Art Blakey (right)
Stylistic origins
Cultural origins1950s in New York City and Detroit
Derivative forms
Other topics
List of hard bop musicians

Hard bop is a subgenre of jazz that is an extension of bebop (or "bop") music. Journalists and record companies began using the term in the mid-1950s[1] to describe a new current within jazz that incorporated influences from rhythm and blues, gospel music, and blues, especially in saxophone and piano playing.

David H. Rosenthal contends in his book Hard Bop that the genre is, to a large degree, the natural creation of a generation of African-American musicians who grew up at a time when bop and rhythm and blues were the dominant forms of black American music.[2]: 24  Prominent hard bop musicians included Horace Silver, Clifford Brown, Charles Mingus, Art Blakey, Cannonball Adderley, Miles Davis, John Coltrane, Hank Mobley, Thelonious Monk, Lee Morgan, Wes Montgomery, Pat Martino and others.

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference gridley was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference rosenthal was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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