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Hebei
河北 | |
|---|---|
| Name transcription(s) | |
| • Chinese | 河北省 (Héběi shěng) |
| • Abbreviation |
|
 .jpg)    Clockwise:
| |
.svg) Location of Hebei in China | |
| Coordinates: 39°18′N 116°42′E / 39.3°N 116.7°E | |
| Country | China |
| Named for | Yellow River |
| Capital and largest city | Shijiazhuang |
| Divisions | 11 prefectures, 121 Counties, 2207 Townships |
| Government | |
| • Type | Province |
| • Body | Hebei Provincial People's Congress |
| • Party Secretary | Ni Yuefeng |
| • Congress chairman | Ni Yuefeng |
| • Governor | Wang Zhengpu |
| • CPPCC chairman | Zhang Guohua |
| • National People's Congress Representation | 120 deputies |
| Area | |
• Total | 188,800 km2 (72,900 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 12th |
| Highest elevation | 2,882 m (9,455 ft) |
| Population (2020)[2] | |
• Total | 74,610,235 |
| • Rank | 6th |
| • Density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 11th |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic composition | |
| • Languages and dialects | Jilu Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin, Jin |
| GDP (2023)>[3] | |
| • Total | CN¥4,394 billion (12th; US$624 billion) |
| • Per capita | CN¥59,332 (26th; US$8,420) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HE |
| HDI (2022) | 0.762[4] (22nd) – high |
| Website | hebei |
| Hebei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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.svg) "Hebei" in Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 河北 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Hopeh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | North of the Yellow River | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Abbreviation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 冀 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Zhili Province | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 直隸省 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 直隶省 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | Directly ruled | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Hebei[a] is a province in North China. It is China's sixth-most populous province, with a population of over 75 million people. Shijiazhuang is the capital city. It borders Shanxi to the west, Henan to the south, Shandong and Liaoning to the east, and Inner Mongolia to the north; in addition, Hebei entirely surrounds the direct-administered municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin on land. Its population is 96% Han Chinese, 3% Manchu, 0.8% Hui, and 0.3% Mongol. Varieties of Chinese spoken include Jilu Mandarin, the Beijing dialect of Mandarin, and Jin Chinese.
During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods (771–226 BC), the region was ruled by the states of Yan and Zhao. During the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), the region was called Zhongshu. It was called North Zhili during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), and simply Zhili during the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). The modern province of Hebei was created in 1928. Five UNESCO World Heritage Sites can be found in the province: the Great Wall of China, Chengde Mountain Resort, Grand Canal, Eastern Qing tombs, and Western Qing tombs. It is also home to five National Famous Historical and Cultural Cities: Handan, Baoding, Chengde, Zhengding and Shanhaiguan.
Hebei's economy is based on agriculture and manufacturing; it is China's premier steel producer, which has contributed to serious air pollution.[8][9][10]
- ^ Liu, Yanlin (2015). 太行山把最高的山脊留在了河北. Chinese National Geography (in Chinese) (2). Retrieved 20 May 2018. 小五台山是太行山主脉上的最高峰，同时也是河北省的最高峰
- ^ "Communiqué of the Seventh National Population Census (No. 3)". National Bureau of Statistics of China. 11 May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
- ^ "National Data". China NBS. March 2024. Retrieved June 22, 2024.; see also 2023年河北省国民经济和社会发展统计公报. hebei.gov.cn. March 1, 2024. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
- ^ "Human Development Indices (8.0)- China". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- ^ Longman, J. C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Pearson. ISBN 978-1405881173.
- ^ "Hebei". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021.
- ^ "Hebei". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster.
- ^ 河北概况. 河北省人民政府 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2020-01-23.
- ^ 河北省工业经济概况. 河北省工业和信息化厅. Archived from the original on 2020-01-21. Retrieved 2020-01-23.
- ^ 河北钢铁工业概况. 中国铁合金网 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-02-18. Retrieved 2020-01-23.
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