| This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Gujarati on Wikipedia.It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Gujarati in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. | |
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Gujarati
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Gujarati language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Gujarati phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Gujarati.
Consonants
|
IPA |
Gujarati |
IAST |
English approximation
|
b
|
બ |
b |
bat
|
bʱ
|
ભ |
bh |
clubhouse
|
β[1]
|
ભ |
bh |
somewhat like averse
|
d
|
દ |
d |
dog
|
ð[1]
|
ધ |
dh |
other
|
dʱ
|
ધ |
dh |
redhead
|
ɖ
|
ડ |
ḍ |
American English bird
|
ɖʱ
|
ઢ |
ḍh |
American English birdhouse
|
dʒ
|
જ |
j |
jack
|
dʒʱ
|
ઝ |
z |
hedgehog
|
f[1]
|
ફ |
ph |
afraid
|
ɡ
|
ગ |
g |
gate
|
ɡʱ
|
ઘ |
gh |
loghouse
|
ɣ[1]
|
ઘ |
gh |
go, but without completely blocking airflow on the g
|
h
|
ઃ |
ḥ |
head
|
ɦ
|
હ |
h |
ahead
|
j
|
ય |
y |
yak
|
k
|
ક |
k |
scold
|
kʰ
|
ખ |
kh |
cold
|
l
|
લ |
l |
leaf
|
ɭ
|
ળ |
l |
somewhat like Merlin
|
m
|
મ |
m |
much
|
n
|
ન |
n |
not
|
ɳ
|
ણ |
ṇ |
somewhat like burner
|
ɲ
|
ઞ |
ñ |
canyon
|
ŋ
|
ઙ |
ṅ |
bank
|
p
|
પ |
p |
span
|
pʰ
|
ફ |
ph |
pan
|
ɾ
|
ર |
r |
atom (American English)
|
ɽ[2]
|
ડ |
ḍ |
somewhat like murder
|
ɽʱ[2]
|
ઢ |
ḍh |
No English equivalent
|
ɽ̃[2]
|
ણ |
ṇ |
as above, but nasal
|
s[3]
|
સ |
s |
sue
|
ʂ[3]
|
ષ |
ṣ |
somewhat like worship
|
ʃ[3]
|
શ |
ś |
sheep
|
t
|
ત |
t |
stop
|
tʰ
|
થ |
th |
top
|
ʈ
|
ટ |
ṭ |
somewhat like court
|
ʈʰ
|
ઠ |
ṭh |
somewhat like tree
|
tʃ
|
ચ |
c |
catch
|
tʃʰ
|
છ |
ch |
cheese
|
ʋ
|
વ |
v |
vine
|
|
Vowels
|
IPA |
Gujarati |
IAST |
English approximation
|
ɑ
|
આ, કા |
ā |
bra
|
æ
|
|
|
cash
|
e
|
એ, કે |
e |
pay
|
ɛ
|
ઍ, કૅ |
â |
bed
|
ə
|
અ, ક |
a |
about
|
i
|
ઇ/ ઈ, કિ/ કી |
i |
see
|
o
|
ઓ, કો |
o |
story
|
ɔ
|
ઑ, કૉ |
ô |
off
|
u
|
ઉ/ ઊ, કુ/ કૂ |
u |
cool
|
əj
|
ઐ, કૈ |
ai |
kite
|
əʋ
|
ઔ, કૌ |
au |
house
|
|
- ^ a b c d The voiced aspirated stops /ɡʱ, dʱ, bʱ/ and /pʰ/ have spirant allophones [ɣ, ð, β, f].Cardona & Suthar (2003:665)
- ^ a b c The voiced retroflex stops and the nasal /ɖʱ, ɖ, ɳ/ have flapped allophones [ɽʱ, ɽ, ɽ̃]. Intervocalically all three are flapped. The stops are also flapped when before or after other consonants.Mistry (1997:659) The stops are unflapped initially, geminated, and postnasally; and flapped intervocalically, finally, and before or after other consonants.Masica (1991:97).
- ^ a b c While there is dialectal variation in this regard, for Wikipedia transcriptions [ʃ] appears contiguous with palatal segments and [ʂ] appears before retroflex consonants: [spəʂʈ] ('clear').Mistry (1997:658)
- ^ Gujarati contrasts murmured and non-murmured vowels, except for /e/ and /o/.Cardona & Suthar (2003:662) Mistry (2003:116).