Help:IPA/Tibetan

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard Tibetan pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

IPA Tibetan English approximation
Consonants
b bog ([p] on a low tone)
c ཀྱ skew
ཁྱ གྱ cute
ɕ ཞ ཤ sheep
d dog ([t] on a low tone)
ɖ ~ ɖʐ གྲ draw ([ʈ]~[ʈʂ] on a low tone)
dz adz ([ts] on a low tone)
jeep ([tɕ] on a low tone)
ɡ gone ([k] on a low tone)
h head
j yes
ɟ གྱ argue ([c] on a low tone)
k scat
ཁ ག cat
l leap
ལྷ (voiceless l, like hl)
m moon
n noon
ɲ canyon
ŋ song
p spin
ཕ བ pin
ɹ the r in drink
ɹ̥ རྷ (voiceless r, like hr)
s ཟ ས song
ʂ ཧྲ like first part of shrew [ʂɹu]
t stop
ད ཐ top
ʈ ~ ʈʂ ཀྲ stream
ʈʰ ~ ʈʂʰ ཁྲ གྲ track
beach
tɕʰ ཇ ཆ cheer
ts cats
tsʰ ཛ ཚ tsunami
w water
z zoo ([s] on a low tone)
ʑ genre ([ɕ] on a low tone)
ʔ oh-oh!
ʎ ལྱ Spanish castilla
ɥ ཝཡ French huit (Between yet and wet)
ç ཧྱ similarly huge
IPA Tibetan English approximation
Vowels
a between fat and father
e ཨེ Spanish e (in Sp. open syllables)
ɛ bed
i ཨི see
ɪ ཨི sit but more centralised
o ཨོ Spanish o (in Sp. open syllables)
ø ཨོ French eu, German ö
ɔ ཨོ off
œ ཨོ Danish ø
u ཨུ moon
ʊ ཨུ good but more centralised
y ཨུ French u, German ü
ʏ ཨུ Dutch u
◌̃ nasal vowel
Tones
IPA Description
high level: si˥
high falling: si˥˧
low rising: si˩˧
low level: si˩

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