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Imad Mughniyeh

Imad Mughniyeh
عماد مغنية
Mughniyeh in the 2000s
Hezbollah Chief of Staff
Preceded byUnkown
Succeeded byMustafa Badreddine
Personal details
Born(1962-12-07)7 December 1962
Tayr Dibba, Lebanon
Died12 February 2008(2008-02-12) (aged 45)
Kafr Sousa, Damascus, Syria
Political party Hezbollah
Children7, including Jihad, and Mustafa
OccupationAssassin, revolutionarist, militant jihadist
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Imad Fayez Mughniyeh (Arabic: عماد فايز مغنية‎; 7 December 1962 – 12 February 2008),[1] also known by his nom de guerre al-Hajj Radwan (الحاج رضوان), was a Lebanese militant leader who was the founding member of Lebanon's Islamic Jihad Organization and number two in Hezbollah's leadership. Information about Mughniyeh is limited, but he is believed to have been Hezbollah's chief of staff and understood to have overseen Hezbollah's military, intelligence, and security apparatuses. He was one of the main founders of Hezbollah in the 1980s, and was described as a skilled military tactician and highly elusive figure. He was often referred to as an ‘untraceable ghost’.[2]

U.S. and Israeli officials have long accused Mughniyeh of being directly and personally involved in terrorist attacks which has resulted in many suicide bombings, murders, kidnappings, and assassinations. It began with the Beirut barracks bombing and U.S. embassy bombings, both of which took place in 1983 and killed over 350, as well as the kidnapping of dozens of foreigners in Lebanon in the 1980s. He was indicted in Argentina for his alleged role in the 1992 Israeli embassy attack in Buenos Aires. The highest-profile attacks for which it is claimed he is responsible took place in the early 1980s, shortly after the founding of Hezbollah, when Mughniyeh was in his early twenties. U.S. intelligence officials have accused him of killing more United States citizens than any other man prior to the 11 September attacks, and the bombings and kidnappings he is alleged to have organized are credited with all but eliminating and completely removing the US military presence in Lebanon in the 1980s.[3]

Mughniyeh was known by his nom de guerre Al-Hajj Radwan. He was included in the European Union's list of wanted terrorists[4][5][6] and had a US$5 million bounty on the FBI Most Wanted Terrorists list.[7] To many in his home country, Lebanon and the Middle East, he is seen to be a national symbol and hero.[8]

As part of a joint CIA–Mossad operation,[9][10] Mughniyeh was assassinated on the night of 12 February 2008 by a car bomb that was detonated as he passed by on foot,[11] in the Kafr Sousa neighbourhood of Damascus, Syria.[12][13][14]

  1. ^ "Anti-Terrorism Designation; Anti-Terrorism Designation Removal". m.treasury.gov. Archived from the original on 17 May 2018.
  2. ^ "Who Was Imad Mughniyeh?". www.washingtoninstitute.org. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  3. ^ "The Arab American News – Mughnieh murder could trigger retaliation". arabamericannews.com. 10 January 2009. Archived from the original on 6 March 2008. Retrieved 22 March 2008.
  4. ^ European Union, Council Common Position 2001/931/CFSP of 27 December 2001 on the application of specific measures to combat terrorism Freezing funds: list of terrorists and terrorist groups Archived 28 August 2006 at the Wayback Machine Accessed 17 August 2006
  5. ^ Council Common Position 2005/427/CFSP of 6 June 2005 Official Journal L 144, 08/06/2005 P. 0054 – 0058 Archived 14 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine Accessed 17 August 2006
  6. ^ COUNCIL COMMON POSITION 2005/847/CFSP of 29 November 2005 Official Journal of the European Union Archived 15 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine Accessed 17 August 2006
  7. ^ "Reputed terrorist long sought by CIA killed in explosion". CNN. Beirut. 14 February 2008. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2013.
  8. ^ Fromm, Charles. "Killing Imad Mughniyeh made him a legend". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  9. ^ Goldman, Adam; Nakashima, Ellen (30 January 2015). "CIA and Mossad killed senior Hezbollah figure in car bombing". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
  10. ^ "Why the CIA Killed Imad Mughniyeh". POLITICO Magazine. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference WP013015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ "Hezbollah's most wanted commander killed in Syria bomb". Reuters. 13 February 2008. Archived from the original on 18 February 2008. Retrieved 13 February 2008.
  13. ^ Powell, Robyn; Chivers, Tom (13 February 2008). "Israel denies assassinating Hezbollah chief". Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 15 February 2008.
  14. ^ [1] Archived 22 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine, "Will Hezbullah avenge the hit on its terror chief?" by Yaakov Katz, 11 February 2011

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